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459 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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preterite: uses
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•actions that have been completed
•express the beginning or end of a past action •narrate a series of past actions or events |
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imperfect: uses
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•an ongoing past action with no reference to its beginning or end
•habitual past actions or events •describe physical and emotional states or characteristics |
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Miraba la tele cuando sonó el teléfono.
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I was watching the TV when the phone rang.
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evitar
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to avoid
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uses of "se"
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impersonal constructions
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Se habla español en Costa Rica.
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Spanish is spoken in Costa Rica.
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Se puede leer en la sala de espera.
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You/One can read in the waiting room.
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Se hacen operaciones aquí.
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They perform operations here.
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caer (use with "se" to describe unplanned events)
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to fall, to drop
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dañar
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to damage, to break down (use with "se" to describe unplanned events)
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olvidar
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to forget (use with "se" to describe unplanned events)
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perder (e:ie)
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to lose (use with "se" to describe unplanned events)
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quedar
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to be left behind (use with "se" to describe unplanned events)
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romper
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to break (use with "se" to describe unplanned events)
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Se me perdió el teléfono de la farmacia.
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I lost the pharmacy's phone number.
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Se nos olvidaron los pasajes.
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We forgot the tickets.
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a menudo
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often
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a tiempo
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on time
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a veces
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sometimes
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además (de)
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furthermore, besides
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apenas
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hardly, scarcely
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así
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like this, so
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bastante
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enough, rather
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casi
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almost
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con frecuencia
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frequently
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de vez en cuando
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from time to time
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despacio
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slowly
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menos
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less
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muchas veces
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a lot, many times
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poco
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little
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por lo menos
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at least
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pronto
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soon
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rápido
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quickly
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conocimiento previo
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background knowledge
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la llave
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key, faucet
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el hielo
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ice
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propia
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own
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las historias
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stories
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¡a volar!
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Off they go!
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Se trata de...
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It's a question of...
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en vez de
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instead of
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la sugerencia
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suggestion
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el historial médico
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medical history
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el tratamiento
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treatment
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el mueble
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furniture
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el aprecio
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esteem
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el tocadiscos
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record player
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el pinchazo
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sharp pain (lit. puncture)
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los principios
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beginnings
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la ceguera
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blindness
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a partir de
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since
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incluyendo
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including
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borrar
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to erase
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por igual
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equally
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Virginia Occidental
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West Virginia
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la ascendencia
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descent, (geneology)
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la nadadora
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swimmer
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el ejército
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army
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los gastos
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expenditures
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invertir
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to invest
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el cuartel
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military barracks
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las cataratas
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waterfalls
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los monos
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monkeys
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las mariposas
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butterflies
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nivel de alfabetización
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literacy rate
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la pena de muerte
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death penalty
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la boca
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mouth
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el brazo
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arm
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la cabeza
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head
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el corazón
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heart
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el cuello
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neck
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el cuerpo
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body
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el dedo
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finger
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el dedo del pie
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toe
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el estómago
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stomach
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la garganta
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throat
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el hueso
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bone
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la nariz
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nose
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el oído
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(sense of) hearing, inner ear
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el ojo
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eye
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la oreja
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(outer) ear
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el pie
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foot
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la pierna
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leg
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la rodilla
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knee
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el tobillo
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ankle
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el accidente
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accident
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el antibiótico
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antibiotic
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la aspirina
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aspirin
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la clínica
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clinic
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el consultorio
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doctor's office
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el/la dentista
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dentist
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el/la doctor(a)
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doctor
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el dolor
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pain, ache
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el dolor de cabeza
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headache
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el/la enfermero/a
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nurse
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el examen médico
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physical exam
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la farmacia
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pharmacy
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la gripe
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flu
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el hospital
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hospital
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la infección
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infection
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el medicamento
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medication
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la medicina
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medicine
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la operación
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operation
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el/la paciente
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patient
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la pastilla
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pill, tablet
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la radiografía
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x-ray
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la receta
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prescription
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el resfriado
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cold (illness)
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la sala de emergencia(s)
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emergency room
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la salud
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health
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el síntoma
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symptom
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la tos
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cough
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caerse
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to fall (down)
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darse con
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to bump into, to run into
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doler (o:ue)
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to hurt
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enfermarse
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to get sick
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estar enfermo/a
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to be sick
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estornudar
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to sneeze
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lastimarse (el pie)
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to injure (one's foot)
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lastimarse
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to injure
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olvidar
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to forget
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poner una inyección
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to give an injection
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prohibir
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to prohibit
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recetar
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to prescribe
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romper
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to break
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romperse la pierna
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to break one's leg
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sacar(se) un diente
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to have a tooth removed
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ser alérgico/a (a)
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to be allergic (to)
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sufrir una enfermedad
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to suffer an illness
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tener dolor
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to have a pain
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tener fiebre
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to have a fever
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tomar la temperatura
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to take someone's temperature
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torcerse (o:ue)
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to sprain/twist
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torcerse el tobillo
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to sprain one's ankle
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toser
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to cough
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congestionado/a
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congested, stuffed-up
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embarazada
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pregnant
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grave
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grave, serious
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mareado/a
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dizzy
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médico/a
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medical
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saludable
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healthy
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sano/a
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healthy
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de niño/a
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as a child
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mientras
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while
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todos los días
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every day
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la tecnología
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technology
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la calculadora
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calculator
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la cámara de video
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video camera
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la cámara de digital
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digital camera
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el canal
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(TV) channel
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la contestadora
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answering machine
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el estéreo
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stereo
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el fax
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fax (machine)
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la televisión por cable
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cable television
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el tocadiscos compacto
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compact disc player
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el video
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video
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el videocasete
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videocassette
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el archivo
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file
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arroba
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@ symbol
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la dirección electrónica
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e-mail address
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Internet
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internet
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el mensaje de texto
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text message
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la página principal
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home page
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el programa de computación
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software
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la red
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network, the web (WWW)
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el sitio web
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website
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apagar
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to turn off
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borrar
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to erase
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descargar
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to download
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funcionar
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to work (electronics)
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grabar
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to record
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guardar
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to save
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imprimir
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to print
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llamar
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to call
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navegar (en internet)
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to surf (the internet)
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poner
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to turn on (electronics)
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prender
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to turn on (electronics)
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quemar
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to burn (a CD)
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sonar (o:ue)
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to ring
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descompuesto/a
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not working, out of order
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lento/a
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slow
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lleno/a
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full
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el cibercafé
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cybercafe
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el control remoto
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remote control
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el disco compacto
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compact disc
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el radio
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radio (set)
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el reproductor de MP3
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MP3 player
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el (teléfono) celular
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cellphone
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el televisor
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television set
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la videocasetera
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VCR
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abrazar(se)
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to hug; to embrace (each other)
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ayudar(se)
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to help (each other)
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besar(se)
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to kiss (each other)
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encontrar(se) (o:ue)
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to meet (each other), to run into (each other)
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saludar(se)
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to greet (each other)
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el cederrón
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CD-ROM
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la computadora
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computer
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la computadora portátil
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portable computer, laptop
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la impresora
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printer
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el monitor
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(computer) monitor
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la pantalla
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screen
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el ratón
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mouse
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el reproductor de DVD
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DVD player
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el teclado
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keyboard
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la autopista
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highway
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la carretera
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highway
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el baúl
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trunk (of a car)
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la calle
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street
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el capó
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hood (of a car)
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el cofre
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hood (of a car)
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el carro
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car
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la circulación
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traffic
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el tráfico
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traffic
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el garaje
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garage
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el taller
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repair shop
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el taller mecánico
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mechanic's repair shop
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la gasolina
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gasoline
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la gasolinera
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gas station
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la licencia de conducir
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driver's license
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la llanta
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tire
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el/la mecánico/a
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mechanic
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el parabrisas
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windshield
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la policía
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police (force)
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la velocidad máxima
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speed limit
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el volante
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steering wheel
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arrancar
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to start (a vehicle, etc.)
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arreglar
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to fix, to arrange
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bajar(se) de
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to get off of/out of (a vehicle)
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conducir
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to drive
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manejar
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to drive
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estacionar
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to park
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llenar
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to fill
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llenar el tanque
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to fill the tank
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parar
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to stop
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revisar
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to check
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revisar el aceite
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to check the oil
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el aceite
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oil
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subir(se) a
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to get on/into (a vehicle)
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por aquí
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around here
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por ejemplo
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for example
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por eso
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that's why, therefore
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por fin
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finally
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¿Quién habla?
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Who is speaking?
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¿De parte de quién?
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Who is calling?
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Con él/ella habla.
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This is he/she.
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Le hablo de parte de Francisco Castillo.
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I'm speaking to you on behalf of Francisco Castillo.
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¿Puedo dejar un recado?
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May I leave a message?
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un recado
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message
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Llamo más tarde.
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I'll call later.
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¿Qué pasó?
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What happened?
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Se nos dañó el autobús.
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The bus broke down.
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Se nos pinchó una llanta.
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We had a flat tire.
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Está quemado el alternador.
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The alternator's burned out.
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a xxx kilómetros de...
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xxx kilometers from...
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Estamos a veinte millas de la ciudad.
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We're 20 miles from the city.
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una milla
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a mile
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¡No me digas!
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You don't say! (inf)
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¡No me diga!
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You don't say! (form)
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A sus órdenes.
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At your service.
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aquí mismo
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right here
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común
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ordinary
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prepagado/a(s)
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prepaid
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las cuotas
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fees
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Sin embargo
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however
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¡Qué risa!
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So funny!
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¡Que tenga(s) un buen día!
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Have a nice day! (form/inf)
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mayormente
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mainly
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repartir a domicilio
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home delivery of
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el casco
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helmet
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los audífonos
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earphones
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inalámbrico/a
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cordless, wireless
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el manos libres
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free-hands system
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(teléfono) deslizable
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slider (phone)
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(teléfono) plegable
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flip (phone)
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affirmative familiar commands
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the same form as the él/ella form in the present indicative
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negative familiar commands
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•drop the final -o of the "yo" form of the present tense.
•For -AR verbs, add -es •For -ER and -IR verbs, add -as •verbs with irregular "yo" forms maintain the same irregularity in their negative tú commands. •verbs ending in -car, -gar, and -zar have a spelling hcnage in the negative tú command (-qu, -gu, -cu) |
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hablar
affirmative "tú" command |
habla
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guardar
affirmative "tú" command |
guarda
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prender
affirmative "tú" command |
prende
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volver
affirmative "tú" command |
vuelve
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pedir
affirmative "tú" command |
pide
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imprimir
affirmative "tú" command |
imprime
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decir
affirmative "tú" command |
di
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hacer
affirmative "tú" command |
haz
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ir
affirmative "tú" command |
ve
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poner
affirmative "tú" command |
pon
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salir
affirmative "tú" command |
sal
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ser
affirmative "tú" command |
sé
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tener
affirmative "tú" command |
ten
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venir
affirmative "tú" command |
ven
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hablar
negative "tú" command |
no hables
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guardar
negative "tú" command |
no guardes
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prender
negative "tú" command |
no prendas
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volver
negative "tú" command |
no vuelvas
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pedir
negative "tú" command |
no pidas
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¡Sal de aquí ahora mismo!
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Leave here at once! (tú)
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Haz los ejercicios.
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Do the exercises. (tú)
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Héctor, no pares el carro aquí.
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Hector, don't stop the car here. (tú)
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No prendas la computadora todavía.
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Don't turn on the computer yet.
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No pongas el cederrón en la computadora.
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Don't put the CD-ROM in the computer.
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No conduzcas tan rápido.
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Don't drive so fast.
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sacar
negative "tú" command |
no saques
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sacar
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to take out
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apagar
negative "tú" command |
no apagues
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almorzar
negative "tú" command |
no almuerces
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dar
negative "tú" command |
no des
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estar
negative "tú" command |
no estés
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ir
negative "tú" command |
no vayas
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saber
negative "tú" command |
no sepas
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ser
negative "tú" command |
no seas
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uses of "por"
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•motion or general location (around, through, along, by)
•duration of an action (for, during, in) •reason or motive for an action (because of, on account of, on behalf of) •object of a search (for, in search of) •means by which something is done (by, by way of, by means of) •exchange or substitution (for, in exchange for) •unit of measure (per, by) |
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uses of "para"
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•destination (toward, in the direction of)
•deadline or a specific time in the future (bye, for) •purpose or goal (+ [inf]) (in order to) •purpose (+ noun) (for, used for) •the recipient of something (for) •comparison with others or an opinion (for, considering) •in the employ of (for) |
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La excursión nos llevó por el centro.
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The tour took us through downtown.
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Pasamos por el parque y por el río.
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We passed by the park and along the river.
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Estuve en la Patagonia por un mes.
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I was in Patagonia for a month.
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Ana navegó la red por la tarde.
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Ana surfed the net in the afternoon.
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Lo hizo por su familia.
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She did it on behalf of her family.
|
|
|
Papá llegó a casa tarde por el tráfico.
|
Dad arrived home late because of the traffic.
|
|
|
Vengo por ti a las ocho.
|
I'm coming for you at eight.
|
|
|
Javier fue por su cámara digital.
|
Javier went in search of his digital camera.
|
|
|
Ellos viajan por la autopista.
|
The travel by (by way of) the highway.
|
|
|
¿Hablaste con la policía por teléfono?
|
Did you talk to the police on the (by) phone?
|
|
|
Le di dinero por la videocasetera.
|
I gave him money for the VCR.
|
|
|
Muchas gracias por el cederrón.
|
Thank you very much for the CD-ROM.
|
|
|
José manejaba a 120 kilómetros por hora.
|
José was driving 120 kilometers per hour.
|
|
|
Salimos para Córdoba el sábado.
|
We are leaving for Cordoba on Saturday.
|
|
|
Él va a arreglar el carro para el viernes.
|
He will fix the car by Friday.
|
|
|
Juan estudia para (ser) mecánico.
|
Juan is studying to be a mechanic.
|
|
|
Es una llanta para el carro.
|
It's a tire for the car.
|
|
|
Compré una impresora para mi hijo.
|
I bought a printer for my son.
|
|
|
Para un joven, es demasiado serio.
|
For a young person, he's too serious.
|
|
|
Para mí, esta lección no es difícil.
|
For me, this lesson isn't difficult.
|
|
|
Sara trabaje para Telecom Argentina.
|
Sara works for Telecom Argentina.
|
|
|
Caminé por el parque.
|
I walked through the park.
|
|
|
Caminé para el parque.
|
I walked to (toward) the park.
|
|
|
Trabajó por su padre.
|
He worked for (in place of) his father.
|
|
|
Trabajó para su padre.
|
He worked for his father('s company).
|
|
|
Ustedes se van a encontrar en el cibercafé, ¿no?
|
You're meeting each other at the cybercafé, right?
|
|
|
mío(s)
mía(s) |
my, (of) mine
|
|
|
tuyo(s)
tuya(s) |
your (of) yours (inf)
|
|
|
suyo(s)
suya(s) |
your, (of) yours (form)
his, (of) his hers, (of) hers its their, (of) theirs |
|
|
nuestro(s)
nuestra(s) |
our, (of) ours
|
|
|
Juancho es un amigo mío.
|
Juancho is a friend of mine.
|
|
|
la impresora suya
|
her printer (stressed possesive adj)
|
|
|
Me encantan unos discos compactos tuyos.
|
I love some of your CDs. (stressed)
|
|
|
Me encantan los discos compactos tuyos.
|
I love your CDs. (stressed)
|
|
|
Me encantan estos discos compactos tuyos.
|
I love these CDs of yours.
|
|
|
Aquí está mi carro. ¿Dónde está el tuyo?
|
Here's my car. Where's yours?
|
|
|
el/la/los/las mío/a(s)
|
mine
|
|
|
el/la/los/las tuyo/a(s)
|
yours (inf) (n)
|
|
|
el/la/los/las suyo/a(s)
|
his, hers, its, yours (form), theirs (n)
|
|
|
el/la/los/las nuestro/a(s)
|
ours (n)
|
|
|
la herramienta
|
tool
|
|
|
el sentido común
|
common sense
|
|
|
el ajedrez
|
chess
|
|
|
el éxito
|
success
|
|
|
el campeonato
|
championship
|
|
|
las jugadas
|
moves
|
|
|
las ventajas
|
advantages
|
|
|
el conocimiento
|
knowledge
|
|
|
la partida
|
match, game
|
|
|
la reina
|
queen
|
|
|
el peón
|
pawn
|
|
|
el perfil
|
profile
|
|
|
claramente
|
clearly
|
|
|
las noticias
|
news
|
|
|
la reseña
|
review
|
|
|
el propósito
|
purpose
|
|
|
la señal
|
signal, beep
|
|
|
lo que nos une
|
what gets us together
|
|
|
el parentesco
|
relationship
|
|
|
el tamaño
|
size
|
|
|
parisino
|
Parisian
|
|
|
la primera dama
|
the First Lady
|
|
|
ancha
|
wide
|
|
|
el campo
|
field
|
|
|
la huella
|
mark
|
|
|
el género
|
genre
|
|
|
los porteños
|
people of Buenos Aires
|
|
|
en un principio
|
at first
|
|
|
el mundo
|
world
|
|
|
la altura
|
height
|
|
|
la época
|
season
|
|
|
el destino
|
destination
|
|
|
hablar
imperfect: yo |
hablaba
|
|
|
hablar
imperfect: tú |
hablabas
|
|
|
hablar
imperfect: usted/él/ella |
hablaba
|
|
|
hablar
imperfect: nosotros |
hablábamos
|
|
|
hablar
imperfect: ustedes/ellos/ellas |
hablaban
|
|
|
estudiar
imperfect: yo |
estudiaba
|
|
|
estudiar
imperfect: tú |
estudiabas
|
|
|
estudiar
imperfect: usted/él/ella |
estudiaba
|
|
|
estudiar
imperfect: nosotros |
estudiábamos
|
|
|
estudiar
imperfect: ustedes/ellos/ellas |
estudiaban
|
|
|
comer
imperfect: yo |
comía
|
|
|
comer
imperfect: tú |
comías
|
|
|
comer
imperfect: usted/él/ella |
comía
|
|
|
comer
imperfect: nosotros |
comíamos
|
|
|
comer
imperfect: ustedes/ellos/ellas |
comían
|
|
|
vivir
imperfect: yo |
vivía
|
|
|
vivir
imperfect: tú |
vivías
|
|
|
vivir
imperfect: usted/él/ella |
vivía
|
|
|
vivir
imperfect: nosotros |
vivíamos
|
|
|
vivir
imperfect: ustedes/ellos/ellas |
vivían
|
|
|
ser
imperfect: yo |
era
|
|
|
ser
imperfect: tú |
eras
|
|
|
ser
imperfect: usted/él/ella |
era
|
|
|
ser
imperfect: nosotros |
éramos
|
|
|
ser
imperfect: ustedes/ellos/ellas |
eran
|
|
|
ir
imperfect: yo |
iba
|
|
|
ir
imperfect: tú |
ibas
|
|
|
ir
imperfect: usted/él/ella |
iba
|
|
|
ir
imperfect: nosotros |
íbamos
|
|
|
ir
imperfect: ustedes/ellos/ellas |
iban
|
|
|
ver
imperfect: yo |
veía
|
|
|
ver
imperfect: tú |
veías
|
|
|
ver
imperfect: usted/él/ella |
veía
|
|
|
ver
imperfect: nosotros |
veíamos
|
|
|
ver
imperfect: ustedes/ellos/ellas |
veían
|
|
|
cada día (año, etc)
|
every day (year, etc.)
|
|
|
cuando
|
whenever
|
|
|
nunca
|
never
|
|
|
por un rato
|
for a while
|
|
|
siempre
|
always
|
|
|
tantas veces
|
so many times
|
|
|
todo la vida
|
all one's life
|
|
|
todo el día
|
all day long
|
|
|
todo el tiempo
|
all the time
|
|
|
varias veces
|
various/several times
|
|
|
Yo esperaba el bus.
|
I waited/was waiting for the bus.
|
|
|
No creíamos el cuento.
|
We didn't believe the story.
|
|
|
Estabas cansado.
|
You were tired. (inf)
|
|
|
Queríamos ir al cine.
|
We wanted to go to the movies.
|
|
|
Romeo amaba mucho a Julieta.
|
Romeo loved Juliet a lot.
|
|
|
Ellos tenían veinte dólares esta mañana.
|
They had twenty dollars this morning.
|
|
|
amar
|
to love
|
|
|
conocer
|
to know a person
|
|
|
creer
|
to believe
|
|
|
doler
|
to be painful to
|
|
|
esperar
|
to hope, wait (for)
|
|
|
estar
|
to be
|
|
|
gustar
|
to be pleasing to
|
|
|
llevarse bien con
|
to get along with
|
|
|
molestar
|
to be bothersome to
|
|
|
odiar
|
to hate
|
|
|
pensar (en)
|
to think (about)
|
|
|
poder
|
to be able to
|
|
|
querer
|
to want
|
|
|
saber
|
to know
|
|
|
sentir (e:ie)
|
to regret, to feel sorry
|
|
|
sentirse (e:ie)
|
to feel
|
|
|
el consejo
|
advice
|
|
|
algunos consejos
|
some advice
|
|
|
palabras alrevés
|
backwards words
|
|
|
de repente
|
suddenly
|
|
|
en camino
|
en route
|
|
|
un vecino
|
neighbor
|
|
|
un bar
|
bar
|
|
|
las joyas
|
jewelry
|
