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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Thurgood Marshall
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Directed a team of law students under the NAACP
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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
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Denied Linda Brown's rights by refusing to admit her to an all-white elementary school. Supreme Court declared segregation in schooling was unconstitutional
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Rosa Parks
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Seamstress/NAACP officer who refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white man
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Martin Luter King Jr.
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Pastor and founder of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference
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Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
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Founded by MLK Jr. Carried on nonviolent protests and demonstrations throughout the south
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Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
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Ella Baker helped to create the SNCC. Students at Shaw University organized the national protest group and harnessed the energy of student protesters
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Sit-ins
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African-American protestors sat down at segregated lunch counters and refused to leave until they were served
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Freedom Riders
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Civil rights activists who rode buses into segregated southern US to challenge the non-enforcement of the United States Supreme Court
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James Meredith
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Air Force veteran who won a federal court case that allowed him to enroll in Ole Miss
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Civil Rights Act of 1964
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Prohibited discrimination because of race, religion, national origin, and gender
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Freedom Summer
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A project in which CORE and SNCC workers began registering as many African Americans as they could to vote
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Fannie Lou Hamer
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Voice at the 1964 Democratic National Convention
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Voting Rights Act of 1965
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Eliminated literacy tests that had disqualified many voters
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De facto segregation
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Segregation that exists by practice and custom
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De jure segregation
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Segregation by law
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Malcom X
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Islamic minister who believed that whites were the cause of the black condition and that blacks should separate from white society
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Nation of Islam
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Black Muslims
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Stokely Carmichael
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Involved in the SNCC and lead his followers in a march to "walk against fear"
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Black Power
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A call for black people to begin to define their own goals and lead their own organizations
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Black Panthers
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Political party in 1966 that was created to fight police brutality in the ghetto
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Civil Rights Act of 1968
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Ended discrimination in housing
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Affirmative Action
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Programs that involve making special efforts to hire groups that have suffered discrimination
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United Farm Workers Organizing Commitee (UFWOC)
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Founded by César Chávez who believed that farm workers should unionize and bargain as a group
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La Raza Unida
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Mexican-Americans United. Ran Latino candidates in five states and won races for mayor and city councils
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American Indian Movement (AIM)
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Militant Native American rights organization
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Betty Friedan
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Writer during the 1950s who wrote the Feminine Mystique about women's happiness
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Feminism
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The belief that women should have economic, political and social equality with men
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National Organization for Women (NOW)
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Organization to pursue women's goals. Pushed for the creation of child-care facilities and wanted to ban gender discrimination in hiring
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Gloria Steinem
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A journalist, political activist and supporter of the women's liberation movement. Helped to found the National Women's Political Caucus
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Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)
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Amendment that needed ratification by 38 states to become part of the Constitution. Guaranteed that both men and women would have the same rights
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Phyllis Schlafly
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Conservative who did not support the ERA. Supported the New Right which opposed the ERA
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