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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How was the country divided during the Civil War?
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Churches are dividing
Denominations split into two Tension between pro and anti slavery groups People get their information from the pulpit |
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Who was John Brown?
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abolitionist supported by religion common
Raided Harper's Ferry in 1859 |
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What was Harper's Ferry?
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1859
John Brown tries to raid the Ferry and send the weaponry down to the South to start a slave insurrection Heightens the tension between the North and the South |
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Who was Robert E. Lee?
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He tried to stop John Brown
Acted on the Federal Government's behalf |
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Who was Henry Ward Beecher?
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He wants to start a slave insurrection
Tries to send "Beechers Bibles" down the the south These are boxes marked as Bibles, but are actually rifles This doesn't work and brings us even closer to the war |
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Who was Charles Sumner?
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Senator of Massachusetts
Makes a speech denouncing slave owners Singles out judges and other government officials for having slaves |
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Who was Preston Brooks?
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He is a congressman from South Carolina who hits Sumner with a large hickory cane for singling out his father
He is regarded as a hero in the south |
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What is Divine Purpose?
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The question from the north: What is the purpose of the war?
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What was industrialization?
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Increased process of secularization
Is God changing the world through violence? |
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What is the name of the message that claims that the end is near?
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Apocalyptic message
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What is the confederate religion?
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They argue that they were not defeated, but simply overpowered by a superior force
They use the crucifixion as evidence because Jesus was killed by the Romans. Jesus also had the resurrection so comes the message, "the south will rise again" |
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Aftermath of the war
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Before they saw themselves as a "city on a hill"
Notion of manifest destiny Now they have lost their moral high ground and innocence |
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What is Manifest Destiny?
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God grants us the right to expand out west
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Election of 1860
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4x the number of people attend worship service
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Who was William Lloyd Garrison?
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published "The Liberator"
Believes there are parts of the Bible that are irrevelant |
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The Bible and Slavery
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Ignore the part where Paul says "slaves obey your masters"
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Who was James Thornwell?
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In favor of slavery because they are better off than those in the contract labor system of the north
"cradle to the grave" idea |
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Disestablishment
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states adopt official state religions
church decision making bodies are dissolved bottom-up hierarchy established |
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The Second Great Awakening
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Want to create a "perfect society"
Social reform issues and ideas of abolition are addressed immediately This contributes to the outbreak of the war because they do not have any patience |
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What is secularism?
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occurred during liberal protestantism
science is beginning to offer answers that only religion could answer before |
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Who was Darwin?
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wrote "origin of the species" (1859)
lays out ideas of evolution |
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What was the Intelligent design theory?
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Theory before Darwin's
argues that the human body is so complex that it requires an intelligent designer compared to the gears of a watch |
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What did the theory of evolution challenge?
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the story of Genesis from the Bible
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What was liberal protestantism?
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popular today
believes that science and religion are not mutually exclusive embrace all advancements but maintain their religious beliefs |
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Who was Orestes Brownson?
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He was against Darwinism and evolution. Disproves it two ways:
1. species that have been cross-bred never result in better offspring. ie: horse and a donkey > mule. Mules cannot reproduce 2. Travels to egypt and sees that there is virtually no difference between us and mummified eqyptians. therefore proving evolution is nearly impossible. |
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Higher Criticism
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analysis of the biblical text to discover historical background
idea that councils met to decide which scriptures and books should go into the bible |
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David Straus
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"Life of Jesus"
he rationalizes the miracles of Jesus |
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Church Councils
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these are the men who decided which stories and books went into the Bible
Idea of the Bible being the literal word of God is lost |
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Social Gospel
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class distinctions develop during the 20th century
embrace secular side of things but is still a millenialist group |
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church action
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churches help people out financially
focus on the compassionate message of christianity soup kitches, clothing drives etc |
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Washington Gladden
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stand up for striking coal miners
wages of whiteness |
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Wages of whiteness
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10$/day white laborers
the quit 5$/day black laborers rehire 7$/day white laborers white laborers make more money simply because of their skin color |
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mutual assistance societies
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resources band together to try and help each other out
notion that we need each other to strengthen the masses |
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Walter Rauschenbusch
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idea that Christian salvation is not an individual thing
you achieve salvation by bettering society, not yourself |
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Christianity and the Social Crisis
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Rauschenbusch (1907)
writes while serving in Hell's Kitchen, NY |
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Dorothy Day
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began the Catholic Workers Movement
brings catholics together because they are under a lot of persecution negotiates better working conditions etc |
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Father John Ryan
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"A Living Wage"
basic idea that minimum wage should set a living standard |
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Jane Addams
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ran the Hull House in Chicago
this was a half-way house subsidized housing complex |
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Charles Sheldon
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"In His Steps" (WWJD?)
Town begins to adopt this philosophy and becomes extremely prosperous |
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Josiah Strong
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"Our Country" (1885)
Takes a more political track reveals racial tensions certain races have evolved beyond others (WASPs) idea that anglo-saxons need to make the country better |
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Influx of Catholicism
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Louisiana Purchase (1803)
Mexican American War Lots of persecution develops catholics are trying to participate in American society but there is a hierarchical distrust in catholicism so how can you be an american? |
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Irish Immigration
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mid 19th-century
200,000 + catholics come |
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Irish Potato Famine
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1846
exponential explosion of immigrants |
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Charities
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are developed to try and help the catholics that are coming into the states
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persecution of catholics
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is their allegiance to the pope? how can they be patriots if they are catholics
many catholics join the army to prove their allegiance |
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"Fox's Book of Martyrs"
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chronicles the lives of protestants who were killed in england during the reign of Queen Mary
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Maria Monk
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"Awful Disclosures"
published as an autobiography that she was held as a sex slave for priests but she was actually just a prostitute |
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nativism
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white protestants
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know-nothing party
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nativist movement
got name because of their secretiveness in order to become a member you have to denounce all catholics declines because 1. issues of slavery overshadow 2. it becomes too violent 3. its secretive nature is seen as being anti-american |
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third pienary synod
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1884 church meeting to establish schools
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