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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what percentage of naval officers were there in the beginning of the civil war in the north and the south?
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north - 75%
south - 25% |
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what percentage of the north and souths sailors were expierienced in the beginning of the civil war?
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north - 75%
south - 25% |
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# of expierienced military officers in north and south in the beginning of civil war & # of military colleges
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N - 690; 1
S - 313; 7 |
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how were the norths and souths railroads in the beginning fo the war?
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north had twice as many miles
south had half as many miles |
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how were the finances in the N & S in the beginning of the war?
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N- controlled most of treasury & expected continued tax revenues
S- small banks & indebted planters |
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what was the strategy of the war, and who designed it?
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-the Union was offense, and the Confederacy was defense
-General Winfield Scott |
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what was the anaconda plan and what was the primary focus?
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-a plan to surround the enemy and cut off supplies
-primary focus: naval blockade (was our snake) |
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what two fronts did the union divide itseld into?
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East and West theatre
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what is a war of attrition?
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inflicting continuous losses, causing enemy to give up
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did the North and south believe the first battle of bull run would be short or long?
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short
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what did the Manassas, Virginia Confederates do during the first battle of bull run?
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established a defensive line to keep the Union army from attacking Richmond: CSA capitol
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what was weird about the 1st battle of bull run?
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-spectators came to watch the battle
-public viewed the battle as a joke b/c it was american vs american |
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what did Union General Irvin McDowell do on July 21, 1861?
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led his army of 30,000 to be encountered by confederate general joseph Jonhston & his army of 20,000
*Stonewall Jackson also a confederate general @ the time |
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why did the union stop winning in the 1st battle of bull run?
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the union was winning until a fresh regiment of 6,000 confederates arrived by train & forced the union into retreat
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what was the result of the 1st battle of bull run?
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union - 2,900 casualties
confederacy - less than 2,000 |
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who took over in 1st battle of bull run when McDowell was fired?
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George McClellan
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what were McClellan's goodpoints?
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-good at strategizing
-thought lincoln was a buffoon |
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when was the battle of gettysburg?
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July 1, 2, 3 1863
* no one planned to fight there |
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what occured on the first day of the battle of gettysburg?
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-confederates heard there was a supply of footwear in the town
-A.P. Hill & Robert E Lee met up -accidentally came across a union cavalry commanded by John Buford - union took defensive positions, shooting began & both sides sent for reinforcements |
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who was ready to fight on the 2nd day of the battle of gettysburg?
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90,000 yankees
75,000 rebels |
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what did the union need to do on the 2nd day of gettysburg?
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hold their position on cemetary ridge
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who led what regiment to defend little round top from the rebels?
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Colonel Joshua L. Chamberlain; Maine
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were colonel joshua L Chamberlain and his men able to hold the line against repeated confederate attacks in the battle of gettysburg?
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yes
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who ordered his soldiers for a bayonette charge @ gettysburg, and why?
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Chamberlain; ran short of ammunition
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why did rebels surrender on 2nd say of gettysburg?
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they were exhausted from uphill fighting, and were shocked by the union assault
(surrendered in droves) |
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what happened on the 3rd day of gettysburg?
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lee was optimistic and determined to break the union defenses with one more attack
lee ordered his army to attack the center of the union line first w/ artillery & then an infantry charge |
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what went wrong in pickett's charge?
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-confederates ran out of artillery ammunition
-had 15,000 rebels marching in an open field -jeb stuart's cavalry never arrives to assist longstreet and pickett's troops -wooden fence slowed down the assault and made the rebels sitting ducks |
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what was the conclusion of gettysburg?
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-Lee gave up any hopes of invading the north
-lee led his army in a long painful retreat back to Virginia |
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what was the tally of losses at gettysburg?
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Union: 23,000
Confederate: 28,000 Total: 51,000 |
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what was the wilderness campaign & cold harbor?
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-may - june 1864
-2 confederate victories, turned public opinion against grant -can't recover from continual attacks |
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what was the siege of petersburg?
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-june 1864-april 1865
-Grant: 97,000 men Lee:45,000 men -trench warfare -"the crater" july 1864 (burnsides plan) 30 ft deep, 170 ft long, 70ft wide |
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who did lincoln defeat in re-election in november 1864?
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Democrat and former union general George McClellan (little Mac)
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who captured what place during the election of 1864?
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Gen. William T Sherman captured Atlanta, Georgia
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who surrendered to General U.S. Grant and where?
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Robert E. Lee ; Appomatox Courthouse in Virginia
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what was the 10% plan?
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Linclns plan for restoring the southern states to the union
1)pardon all southerners 2)take a solemn oath to support US Constitution 3)abolish slavery in their states |
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who assassinated lincoln?
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John Wilkes Booth @ the Ford's Theatre (well known actor)
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what were the lasting effects of the war?
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-STrengthened the power of the federal government over the states
-ended the enslavement of african-americans -devastated the south's society and economy |
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what form of transportation was significant in the souths victory @ 1st battle of bull run?
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railroads
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what were 3 reasons why the civil war is considered the bloodiest war in american history?
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-new technology
-old war tactics -brother vs. brother |
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where di the south inflict a heavy loss on the north due to the norths poor planning?
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Fredericksberg (battle w/ bridge)
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who was killed by his own men at Chancellorville?
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Stonewall Jackson
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what was the battle where mcclellan hesitated to follow lee, and ended in a draw?
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antietam
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name of the union plan designed to choke south supply route?
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anaconda plan
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who was the person who advised lee to not go through with picketts charge?
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James Longstreet
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who was the individual that burned the city of atlanta & started the march to the sea?
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Sherman
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football terminology for civil war?
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south - defense
north - offense |
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2 day battle won by grant, but at a very high cost?
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shiloh
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2 reasons why rifles are superior to muskets?
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-faster to reload
-more accurate -weather not a factor |
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what battle marked the end of wooden warships?
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monitor vs. merrimac OR battle of hampton roads
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who captures new orleans in 1862?
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farragut
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what are the 4 factors that contributed to the failure at picketts charge?
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-confederates ran out of artillery ammunition
-15,000 rebels marching in open field -stuarts cavalry never arrived to assist longstreet & picketts troops -wooden fence slowed down assault & made rebels sitting ducks |
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what was the outcome of the battle of fort henry & fort donnelson?
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-union was victorious
Fort Henry: flooded and undermanded Union soldiers shot out al remaning men and captured the fort Fort Donnelson: pillow backed down and forrest didnt have enough back up to continue going through grants lines (lost their nerve & surrendered in the end) |
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outcome of battle of shiloh
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-union wins
-largest battle ever fought (at the time) on american soil -casualties high (3,000 dead & 16,000 wounded) |
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outcome of battle of new orleans
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-union wins
-confederates surrender -union took out two forts and kept firing |
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2nd bull run
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-confederacy wins
-pope was heading to Richmond, cut off by Lee/Jackson. (Repeat) Pope fired. People in the north start to lose confidence in the war |
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outcome of antietam
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-union wins (moral victory through McClellan strategy)
-2 missed opurtunities-put up a good fight nonetheless |
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outcome of fredericksburg
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-confederates won
-union made a bridge & lee attacked the bridge while soldiers were crossing |
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outcome of chancellorville
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-north wins
-one of stonewall jackson's men mistook him for a union soldier and shot him -stuart takes command and continues attack -hooked spits his forces up -earl & lee combine armies, driving sedgewick back hooker withdrew across the river |
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outcome of vicksburg
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-north wins
-grant had the supply train to vicksburg cut off and after an unsuccessful attempt to break through the defenses, a seige was used |
