Civil War

Front 1

What is Fort Sumpter

Back 1

Fort Sumpter was a southern fort in South Carolina, it was one of the two forts that remained in the union when Lincoln was elected president. (338)

Front 2

Anaconda Plan

Back 2

It was a three part strategy devised by the north to cut off southern
trade, split the south in two and capture the confederate capital, Richmond Virginia. (341)

Front 3

Bull Run

Back 3

The first major war which occurred on July 21, in which the Confederacy had their first victory. This war sent many southern soldiers home with the belief that the war was over. (341)

Front 4

Stonewall Jackson

Back 4

A nickname given to the general in the battle of Bull Run when the confederate was holding it’s own like a “stonewall”. Jackson was a southern general who died before the war was over. (341)

Front 5

George McClellan

Back 5

He was the leader of the Union’s new army that Jefferson enlisted who where encamped near Washington. This army soon became known as the Army of the Potomac. (342)

Front 6

Ulysses S. Grant

Back 6

He was a Union General that led an army into western Tennessee. He was a West Point graduate who failed at everything but was an excellent general. (342)

Front 7

Shiloh

Back 7

A battle where the Confederates surprised the Union army, this battle was a learning lesson for both armies on strategy. This battle was considered to be a draw. (342)

Front 8

David G. Farragut

Back 8

Farragut was the leader whose task was to enforce part of the plan to take over the southern trade route. He claimed New Orleans and went on to take Baton Rouge and Natchez. (342)

Front 9

Monitor

Back 9

This was the north’s name for their new iron-clad ship. (343)

Front 10

Merrimack

Back 10

The Merrimack was the name for the south’s new iron-clad ship. This ship was sunk in 1861. (343)

Front 11

Robert E. Lee

Back 11

He was beyond military textbooks, and he declined his offer from the Union army and stayed to defend Virginia in the south. After his successor Joseph E. Johnston was wounded in battle he took over the Confederate army. (344)

Front 12

Antietam

Back 12

This was the bloodiest day battle in American history. McClellan found plans on where the southern armies where and went after them. The Union army took many of the Confederate men but did not take the possible ending of the Civil War. (345)

Front 13

Emancipation Procclamation

Back 13

It was a proclamation created by Lincoln stating that all slaves were free south of Confederate lines. It did not apply to the slave states already occupied by Northern troops and to the slave states that didn’t secede from the Union. It was a proclamation directly affecting the states in rebellion. (347)

Front 14

Habeas Corpus

Back 14

This was a law that required authorities to have criminals that are in jail have a court hearing discerning why they are in jail. Lincoln used this as a punishment in Maryland by having this law suspended. (349)

Front 15

Copperhead

Back 15

These were democrats who wanted peace with the South. Clement Vallandigham was one of the most recognized and famous copperhead. (349)

Front 16

Conscription

Back 16

This was a draft that forced certain members of a community to join the army. The Confederacy was the first to pass this draft and the Union was soon to follow. Both sides had many protests in repercussion of this draft. (349)

Front 17

Fort Pillow

Back 17

It was a massacre of African Americans who were prisoners of war. This particular incident took place in Tennessee in 1864. Over 200 African American prisoners of war were killed by Confederate troops. (352)

Front 18

Income tax

Back 18

This was the nation’s first income tax, and it took a specific percentage of profit from every citizen’s paycheck. (354)

Front 19

Clara Barton

Back 19

Clara Barton was one of the women who helped in the hospitals and was often referred to as “the angel of the battlefield.” (355)

Front 20

Andersonville

Back 20

One of the worst Confederate prisons was Andersonville in Georgia which crammed 33,000 men onto 26,000 acres they were given no shelter except for a tent that they constructed themselves out of sticks and blankets. (356)

Front 21

Gettysburg

Back 21

Many historians consider this battle to be the turning point of the civil war. Gettysburg was a three day battle, which hurt the south bad enough that Lee would never be able to possess sufficient forces during this war again. (354)

Front 22

Chancellorsville

Back 22

This battle took place in Virginia and resulted in a Confederate victory against the Union. The only good part for the Union was a Confederate mistook Jackson for a Yankee and shot him in the arm. (358)

Front 23

Vicksburg

Back 23

Vicksburg was one of the two Confederate holdouts along the Mississippi that was left for the Union to seize. The Union took Vicksburg under siege and soon the city surrendered which was the same day Port Hudson did also which split the Confederacy in two. (360)

Front 24

Gettysburg Address

Back 24

Lincoln gave this speech the day that they dedicated the Gettysburg to the men who died there. Lincoln’s famous speech remade America. (361)

Front 25

William Tecumseh Sherman

Back 25

Grant appointed this man to be General of the Mississippi military. Grant and Tecumseh were good friends and these two changed the course of the war. (363)

Front 26

Appatomax Court House

Back 26

This court house was where the Confederate surrender was arranged. Lincoln requested that they be generous and after four years the war was over. They sent home all the Confederate soldiers with their horses, three days rations, and their personal possessions. (365)

Front 27

National Bank Act

Back 27

This was an act that set up chartered banks where there were regulations on loans and forced the banks to be inspected. This act made banking safer for investors. (367)

Front 28

Thirteenth Amendment

Back 28

The thirteenth amendment declared that “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States.” The thirteenth amendment was adopted in 1865. (368)

Front 29

Red Cross

Back 29

The American Red Cross was founded by Clara Barton in 1881 after spending some time in Europe and helping them with their program. Clara Barton led the American Red Cross for twenty-three years. The first red cross was thought of by Henri Dunant from Switzerland who saw dieing men on the field and he started a group to help people is such situations. (370)

Front 30

John Wilkes Booth

Back 30

John Wilkes Booth assassinated Lincoln at Ford’s Theatre in Washington. He shot Lincoln in the back of the head then jumped down on the stage and in doing so broke his leg. He managed to escape but was caught twelve days later by Union Calvary men. (370)