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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Brown v. Board of Education
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America was Separate but equal in terms of race relations. 1940s presented a challenge, especially in education, and it first dealt with in Law schools.
Brown v. Board of Education- Topeka, Kansas, Oliver Brown filed suit so that his daughter could go to a white school that was closer. Court didn’t get it till 1953. Decision in May 1954-school systems would now have to be desegregated. They did not outline when and how. “Brown II” ordered compliance should be done with “all deliberate speed.” |
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Montgomery Bus Boycott and Rosa Parks
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Challenges to segregation in all aspects of society. Transportation was segregated, public buses: whites sat in front, and the blacks sat in the back. Montgomery, Al. Rosa Parks Dec. 1 1955, sat in front of the bus, as white passengers got on, she refused to move, and she got arrested. Dec. 2 1955- local black community formed “black improvement association.” They decided to boycott the buses. They hitchhiked, carpooled and walked. Filed a lawsuit to desegregate. Emergence of new leader, Martin Luther King, Jr. He preached at church in Montgomery. The boycotts last until Dec. 1956. Supreme Court ruled that the buses had to desegregate.
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Civil Rights Act
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1957- MLK forms SCLC: Southern Christian Leadership Congress. Mostly Baptist ministers. Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1957. This is the first one since reconstruction. It created a division in the department of Justice, to help ensure the right to vote.
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Little Rock
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Little Rock, AK- public school was ordered to desegregate. Central HS in Little Rock was ordered to admit 9 black students. Governor, Orville Faubus not pleased, crowd in front of school to intimidate, Governor calls the National Guard. Eisenhower is luke warm. Federalized National Guard so that they answer to him. He orders them to protect the students, and he also sends in paratroopers.
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Lunch Counter Sit ins
“Freedom Rides” James Meredith (1963) Alabama (1963) March on Washington (1963) |
Little Rock, AK- public school was ordered to desegregate. Central HS in Little Rock was ordered to admit 9 black students. Governor, Orville Faubus not pleased, crowd in front of school to intimidate, Governor calls the National Guard. Eisenhower is luke warm. Federalized National Guard so that they answer to him. He orders them to protect the students, and he also sends in paratroopers.
1960- College Students found new ways to challenge segregation. Peaceful resistance, lunch counter sit ins, sit there till they are served. Greensboro, NC. 1961- Freedom rides: interstate transportation. They would hop on busses in Washington. Buses were attacked at stations and on road. 1962- James Meredith- Court order to be admitted into Ole Miss. Governor did not permit him to do so. National Guard was federalized, and then he was permitted to enroll. 1963- University of AL, 2 students had court order to enroll, Governor George Wallace stood in the way. Kennedy went on TV and made speech about Civil Rights Aug 1963- March on Washington- high point. MLK made “I have a dream speech.’ |
