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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Emancipation Proclamation |
-1863 -Abraham Lincoln -"That all persons held as slaves are, and henceforward, shall be free." -Banished black codes and freed African Americans from slavery |
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Jim Crow Laws |
-Replaced Black Codes -Racial segregation of schools, public restrooms, water fountains, transportation, restaurants, etc. |
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Reason for Jim Crow Laws: |
-Hierarchy of races- White people were from British decent aka rulers, racial minorities were less sophisticated and not able of self rule. |
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Separate but equal |
Separated by race, equal in quality |
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Plessy v. Ferguson |
Sparked Separate but equal doctrine |
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Homer Plessy |
White man, 1/8th black who challenged segregation on trains and violated the Louisiana Separate Car Act of 1890 |
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Lynching |
-"Justified" racial murders -Murdered someone who violated a law or social custom -Nearly 2,000 black men lynched in the South |
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Booker T. Washington |
-1st African American leader -The Atlantic Compromise of 1895- "Don't challenge the white man, show them how much of a fine human being you are and they will give you rights." |
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W.E.B. DuBois |
-2nd African American leader -Criticized Washington -Declared that African Americans should demand equal rights. -Plays an important role in the NAACP |
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Marcus Garvey |
-3rd African American leader -Taught black superiority -Arrested for selling tickets on steamboats, diminished his affect as an African American leader |
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Brown v. Board of Education |
-Topeka, Kansas -1954 -Case where child is forced to go to black school 80 miles away instead of white school down the road. -Declared racial segregation in school unconstitutional and went against Plessy v. Ferguson |
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Emmett Till |
-1955 -14 year old African American boy kidnapped and murdered for flirting with a white cashier at a convenient store in Money, Mississippi. -Two white men kidnapped him and murdered him -Tried by a white jury, charged as not guilty -Later admitted to committing the crime |
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Rosa Parks |
-1955 -42 y/o woman refused to give up her seat to a white man -Arrested for violating Montgomery City Code |
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Montgomery Bus Boycott |
-1955 -Leader: MLK -15 days long -African Americans refused to ride buses in protest of racial segregation -Car pooled and walked -Ruled any law requiring racially segregated seating unconstitutional/violates 14th amendment. |
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Martin Luther King Jr. |
-Baptist Minister and social activist -Most influential leader of the Civil Rights Movement -Headed the Southern Christian Leadership Conference(SCLC) -"I Have a Dream" speech |
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Project C |
-Nonviolent protest against segregation -Mostly children -Attacked with cattle prods, hoses, and dogs -Sparked national media coverage of children being beaten |
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Central High School Little Rock Nine |
-1957 -Nine black students enrolled at formally white school -Federal troops escorted the nine students into and around the school for safety reasons -1,000 white students and people protested outside the school |
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Sit-In |
-1960 -Greensboro, North Carolina -Four black students sat at the racially segregated lunch counters in a city store. When asked to move, they refused. |
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Birmingham, Alabama |
-1963 -200,000 Americans gathered in Washington D.C. for a political rally for jobs and freedom. -"I Have a Dream" speech |
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Freedom Summer |
-1964 -Civil Rights organizations tried to increase the black voting registration in Mississippi. -Expand black voting in the South |
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Selma, Alabama |
-1964 -Protesters attempted to march from Selma to the state capital of Montgomery in efforts to register black voters in the South -Stopped and attacked with teargas and beaten -Led by MLK -Tried to march two more times -Last time was successful and resulted in the Voting Rights Act |
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Civil Rights Act of 1964 |
-Ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. -Proposed by John F. Kennedy, signed into law by Lyndon B. Johnson |
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Voting Rights Act of 1965 |
-Signed into law by Lyndon B. Johnson -Used to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevents African Americans from exercising their right to vote under the 15th Amendment to the Constitution of the U.S. |
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Ku Klus Klan (KKK) |
-Founded in 1866 -Protested/resisted the Republican Party's Reconstruction-era policies and establishment of political and economic equality for blacks. -Wanted to reestablish white supremacy. -During Civil Rights movement, KKK bombed black schools and churches, used violence against black and white activists in the South |
