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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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delegates names (3)
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George Washington, Ben Franklin, James Madison
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convention
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philadelphia, called to amend articles
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delegate
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A person sent or authorized to represent others, in particular, an elected representative sent to a conference.
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background of delegates
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wealthy, attorneys and investors. slave owners.
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how the delegates get chosen
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state choses them
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debate between small and large states
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large want population, small want all equal
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Virginia Plan
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proposed strong government, 3 brances, legislative-bicameral by proportional rule
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New Jersey Plan
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Single house, equal, plural executive elected by congress, SC chosen by executive, just a revision of articles.
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Who came up with Virginia Plan
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Edmund Randolph, Governor Morris
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Who came up with New Jersey Plan
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William Paterson
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VA Plan vs. NJ Plan
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Virginia reps big states, NJ reps small states
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Great Compromise
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House of representatives- proportional 1 rep/40,000 people
Senate- equal 2 senators/state |
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3/5 compromise
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3/5 of slaves population be included in house representation
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North Compromise
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not interfere with slave transportation for 20 years
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South Compromise
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allow congress to pass tariffs
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ratification
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making something valid by formally confirming it
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ratification struggle
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congress agrees to send constitution to the states, called input from the people & not state leg.
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ratification views
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federalists and anti federlasts
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federalists names
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Alexander Hamilton (NY), James Madison (VA)
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anti federlasts name
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Thomas Jefferson
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federalists argue point
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power is shared btwn nat'l and state gove't (federalism), favored strong central government, const. adressed all short comings of articles, separation of powers & checks and balances.
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antifederalists argue point
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favors strong governments, central gov't had too much power, believes constitution favors on wealthy, no protection of freedoms. WANTED A BILL OF RIGHTS!!!
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federalists papers
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written by Alex Hamilton, portrayed the constitution as the best and only plan available. very effective.
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9th state to ratify
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New hampshire
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Last (13th) state to ratify
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Rhode Island
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Creation of Bill of Rights
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const. intially did not have, but majority wanted. 1789 federalists included bill of rights, approved in 1791.
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Structure (Parts)
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3 parts
-preamble -7 articles -amendments |
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Preamble
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6 goals of U.S. gov't
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Amendments
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Process very difficult, only 27 total amendments first 10 are bill of rights
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Popular Sovereignty
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1st principle, people have the ability to govern themselves, power should be divided between state and natl, express through representatives, right to vote
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What is the US Government?
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Democratic Republic
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Rule of Law
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law applies to everyone even those who make it
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Where did we get the Rule of Law?
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Magna Carta, and king john
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Separation of Powers
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to keep any 1 person or group from becoming too powerful. 3 branches
-leg -exec -judicial |
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Checks & Balances
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keep any 1 branch from becoming too powerful, all check on eachother
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Checks & Balances example
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President vetos, congress can block president appointments, and judicial can overturn overturn (Supreme Court)
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Need for Checks & Balances and Separation of Powers
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citizens were still scared one would take over and it would once again turn into a dictatorship and they would not be free
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Federalism
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power is shared by the national government and the states
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3 powers in constitution
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expressed powers
reserved powers concurrent powers |
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expressed/enumerated powers
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powers the constitution grants to the national government
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reserved powers
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powers not given to the national gov't
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concurrent powers
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powers that both levels of government can exercise
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examples of expressed powers:
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war
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examples of reserved powers:
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school system
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examples of concurrent powers:
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taxes
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