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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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To become a naturalized citizen a person must:
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1) be at least 18 years old
2) live in the US for at least 5 years 3) have a basic knowledge of Am. History, English, and Civics 4) take oath of loyalty to the US |
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People who have lost their homes because of war, starvation, or for political reasons and who go to live in another country
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refugees
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The four basic principles of American government are
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1) popular solvereignty
2) limited government 3) seperation of powers 4) federalism |
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people who have the right to rule themselves
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popular solvereignty
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the government must have limits, not be all-powerful
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limited government
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government should be diveded into three branches
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seperation of powers
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the power to goven is split between the national government and the states
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federalism
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the government’s plan to keep any one branch of government from having more power than another has
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checks and balances
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duties include
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1) obey all national, state and local laws
2) pay taxes 3) serve on a jury 4)defend our nation while in the military |
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responsiblilies include
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1) Voting in elections.
2) Respecting the rights and property of others. 3) Volunteer work in your community |
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Every state has two senators, regardless of its population. The number of representatives allowed for each state depends on its population
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Great Compromise
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each slave would be counted as 3/5 of a person
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3/5 Compromise
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the American people choose electors in the popular vote, and the electors vote for the president in the Electoral College System
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Electoral College
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People who were for passing the Constitution
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Federalist
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People who were against passing the Constitution
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Anti-Federalist
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The US Constitution divided into three sections
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1) The Preamble
2) The Articles 3) The Amendments |
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tells what America stands for (freedom, liberty, and equality)
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The Preamble
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tell how the government will be set up (three branches, etc.)
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The Articles
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additions to the Constitution after it was written.
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The Amendments
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divided into two houses, the House of Representatives and the Senate
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Bicameral
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When the Constitution set up the government it established three types of governmental powers:
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1) Enumerated
2) Reserved 3) Concurrent |
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powers given specifically to the national government
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Enumerated
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powers given to only the states
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Reserved
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powers shared by both national and state governments
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Concurrent
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states that there is every a conflict between the state and the national government, the national government will always win the fight
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Supremacy Clause
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are the first ten amendments of the Constitution. These include such things as Freedom of Religion, Freedom the Press, Freedom of Speech, Right to Bear Arms, Right to Jury Trials, No Cruel and Unusual Punishment, Rights of the Accused
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The Bill of Rights
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an accused person may not be tried for the same crime twice
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Double Jeopardy
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laws must be reasonable and procedures must be followed in the case of a person being accused of a crime
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Due Process
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limits the power of the government to take away a person’s private property for public use
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Eminent Domain
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a defendant is not required to testify against himself during his/her own trial
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Self-Incrimination
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Some common political labels include:
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1) Dove—person who is for peace
2) Hawk—person who is for war 3) Conservative—person who opposes change and big government 4) Liberal—person is for change and wants more government involvement 5) Radical—liberal who wants drastic change |
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when a candidate is selected by the party to represent them in the campaign. In other words, five Democrats may want to run for the presidency. Only one can be on the ballot in the presidential election. The primary is held to decide which one it will be.
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Primary Elections
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when registered voters vote for the person they wish to see elected to a particular office, like president or governor.
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General Election
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Candidates use many ways to try to get themselves elected. Some are listed below:
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1) Endorsement
2) Name Calling 3) Glittering Generalities 4) Plain Folk 5) Bandwagon |
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get a famous person to say they are on your side
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Endorsement
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making negative comments about your opponent
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Name Calling
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a statement that sounds good, but is really meaningless. (ex. Vote me because I’m in favor of peace)
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Glittering Generalities
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when candidate tries to make people think he’s just like them
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Plain Folk
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trying to get a vote by saying “everyone else is voting for me so you should too”
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Bandwagon
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are fund raising committees who work for large corporations, labor unions, or special interest groups. They raise big bucks to support candidates who agree to pass legislation favorable to their causes.
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Political Action Committees
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run for reelection every two years. They must be citizens of the U.S. for at least 7 years and be at least 25 years old. They may be reelected as many times as they want.
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Representatives
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run for reelection every six years. They must be citizens of the U.S. for at least 9 years and be at least 30 years old. They may be reelected as many times as they want.
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Senators
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The official leader of the House of Representatives
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Speakor of the House
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The main job of Congress is to write bills that may become laws. However, they have other duties, which include:
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1) Impeachment of the President
2) Choosing a President if there is a tie vote in the Electoral College 3) Approving treaties and appointments made by the president 4) Introducing bills about raising taxes or spending government money (appropriations bills) |
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enforces the nation’s laws
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Chief Executive
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deals with foreign countries
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Chief Diplomat
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serves as leader of the armed forces
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Commander-in-Chief
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The president has the power to grant
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1) Pardons
2) Reprieves 3) Amnesity |
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forgiveness for a crime that has been committed (wipes the slate clean)
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Pardons
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delays the punishment for someone convicted of a crime
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Reprieves
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pardon of an entire group of people at one time
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Amnesity
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The President is in charge of the following groups:
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1) The White House
2) Office of Management and Budgets 3) National Security Council |
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the system of roads, bridges, water, and sewers and other public services for a particular community
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Infrastructure
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on the amount of money you earn. (federal, state, and sometimes local)
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Income Tax
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on land or other possessions you have. (local--parish)
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Property Tax
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tax on imported goods (federal)
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Tariffs
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for your retirement (federal)
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Social Security
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on things you buy (state and local)
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Sales Tax
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on certain things you buy like gasoline, cigarettes, liquor (federal, state)
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Excise Tax
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Important state officials include:
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1) Security of State
2) Attorney General 3) State Treasurer |
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responsible for keeping state’s records
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Security of State
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acts as state’s lawyer & legal adviser
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Attorney General
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supervises state’s money and serves as chief tax collector
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State Treasurer
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enforces laws and collects taxes
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Sheriff
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determines cause of death and issues death certificates
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Coroner
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examines taxable property
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Assessor
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chief legal officer of parish
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District Attorney
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Appeals courts do not decide guilt or innocence and there is no jury at the appellate level. A panel of judges reviews the case information provided by the lower court and determines one of three things:
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A) The lower court was right. (Case is UPHELD)
B) The lower court was wrong. (Case is OVERTURNED) C) The person on trial deserves a new trial (Case is REMANDED back to a lower court) |
