Civics

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one of first students of government

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Aristotle

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ALIENS

Back 2

resident, non-resident, illegal, enemy, refugees

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First American Constitution

Back 3

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

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First American legislature

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Virginia House of Burgess

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Representation based on population; strong executive & legislature (judiciary)

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Virginia Plan

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pro-constitution


anti-constitution

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Federalists


anti-federalists

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Principles of the Consitution:

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1) popular soverignty: ppl rule
2) federalism: national/state
3) Separation of Powers: 3 branches each have control
4) Checks & Balances
5) Limited Government
6) judicial Review: courts can claim things unconstitutional

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vote needed to ratify an amendment

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3/4

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Four features of a state

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popularity, soverignty (state), terrirory, government

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First appearance of limited government

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Magna Carta

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Two tax acts forced on Colonies by Britain

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Intolerable Acts (tax, tea, harbor, soldiers) & Stamp Acts

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settled dispute of Constitution & formed a bicameral legislature

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Connecticut Compromise

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Congress couldn't end slavery until 1808; could regulate interstate & foreign commerce

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Commerce & Slave trade compromise

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states why Constitution was written

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Preamble

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Powers directly stated in the Constitution

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expressed

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Way a Supreme Court decision can be overturned

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President refuses to carry it out

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Prohibition Amendments: 1-banned
2-repealed the banned

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1-18th

2-21st

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gave blacks right to vote

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fifteenth amendment

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gave women right to vote

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19th amendment

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gave 18-year-olds right to vote

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26th amendment

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listed in Article I, Section 8

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enumerated powers

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four theories of government

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evolutionary, divine right, force, social contract

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Who came up with social contract (ppl give up freedoms to govt. to protect their natural rights)

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John Locke

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Farmers threatened for closure of their farms; tried to force the State to help them

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Shay's Rebellion

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Equal representation, weak executive (appointed judiciary)

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New Jersey Plan

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Stated 3/5 of slaves are counted for taxes and representation

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3/5 Compromise

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created an electoral college

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Electoral College Comrpomise

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vote needed to propose an amendment

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2/3

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vote that overrides a presidential veto

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2/3

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implnational government requires these to carry out expressed powers

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implied

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those powers Congress has simply because it is a national government

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inherent

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Constitution is "law of the land"

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supremacy clause

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says congress can do what's necessary to carry out proper govt

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necessary & proper clause

elastic clause

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must pass to admit a new state

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enabling act

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prohibits government from interfering w/ religious practices

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free exercise clause

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"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion"

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establishment clause

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1st amendment freedoms

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speech, assembly, press, religion

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type of legislature Congress is

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bicameral

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REPRESENTATIVE QUALIFICATIONS
how old?
how many years of citizenship?
residence?

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25
7
yes

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House/senate leaders

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speaker of the House, president pro tempore, majority/minority leaders

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Most congressional work done in???

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committees

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stops a filibuster

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vote of cloture

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four types of committees (main)

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1-standing
2-joint
3-select
4-conference

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which is permanent and oversees certain issues of bills

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standing

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whihc is temproary that studies issue and reports findings

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select

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has members from both House & Senate perm/temp

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joint

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4 main legislative powers

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nation's growth
taxing & spending
foreign policy
commerce

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tells how to spend money

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appropriation bills

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three types of resolutuions

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simple
joint
concurrent

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committees' bill actions

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1-kill, pigeonhole, revise
2-hearing
3-pass

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amendment for pres. succession

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25th

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amendment saying two terms

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22nd

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presidential qualifications
how old?
citizenship?
residence?

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35
natural born
14 yrs

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first four positions in pres. succession

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vice president, speaker of the hosue, president pro tempore, secretary of state

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where's pres power found?

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article II

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SEVEN PREZ ROLES

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head of state
economic advisor
party leader
commander in chief
chief executive
chief legislature
chief diplomat

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as party leader, grants party members benefits/jobs

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patronage

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4 MAIN EXECUTIVE OFFICES

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office of management and budget
national securities council
council of economic advisors
white house office

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largest executive office

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office of management and budgeet

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most important executive office

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white house office

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head and director of NSC

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head-president
director-NSC advisor

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department of attorney general

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justice

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department for joint chiefs of staff

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defense