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199 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Austria-Hungary
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"dual monarchy", union of the countries
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Alexander III
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Russian czar, reestablishes absolutism
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Nicholas II
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successor of Alexander III, last czar
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Russo-Japanses War
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Russia is defeated by Japan
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Revolution of 1905
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attempted revolution of Russia
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Duma
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legislative body in Russia
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October Manifesto
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agreement to reduce czars powers and give citizens rights
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Lenin
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native russian, creates Communism in russia, head of Bolsheviks
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Bolsheviks
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group of Communist, believed in total monarchy
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Balkans
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southeastern europe
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Eastern Question
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what to do with eastern europe (the balkans)
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Crimean War
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Brittain and France against Russia
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Battle of Sevastopol
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most important battle of Crimean War
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Nightingale
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first "nurse" during Crimean War
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Triple Alliance
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Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
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Triple Entente
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France, Russia, Brittain
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Moroccan Crises
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crisis between france and germany over morocco
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West Africa-Slavery
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slave trade banned in 1800s
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Liberia
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african country founded by returned slaves
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East Africa-Slavery
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slaves sent to Asia
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Mfecane
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"scattering", expansion of african societies, causes military creation of tribes
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Zulu
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Bantu group, strong military
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Shaka-Zulu
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leader, military genious, assassinated
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Moshoeshoe
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leader of Baskotho tribe, political leader/negotiator
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David Livingston
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missionary from europe in africa, explored the interior of africa
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Henry Stanley
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journalist, sent to search for Livingston
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Leopold II
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king of belgium, founded IAA
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International African Association
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founded to help africans, creates belgium govt. in Congo Valley
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Congo Freestate
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free country of Congo, first European imperialism in africa
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Cape Colony
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South Africa
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Cecil Rhodes
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governor of cape colony, started boer war
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Ethiopia
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independant from africa, attacked by italy
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Aduwa
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Ethiopia defeated italy
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Serbia
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became independant from Ottoman in 1830
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Greece
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became independant from ottoman in 1831
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Barbary States
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Libya, local area in africa of pirates
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Algeria
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state in africa, part of france but not ruled by it
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Muhammed Ali
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founded modern Egypt, pasha
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Suez Canal
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egypt from Mediterranian to Red Sea, European posession
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Tripoli
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Libya, taken by italy
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Abduhulhamid II
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sultan of ottoman empire, overthrown
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Young Turks
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concluded ottoman empire be modernized, comes to rule ottoman
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Persia
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iran, heavy religious influence
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shah
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persian king
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Shi'ites
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smaller ethnic group
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ulama
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islamic religious leaders
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British East India Co.
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company governing india
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suttee
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when a man died, wife would die with him
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Sepoy Rebellion
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Sepoys (indian soldiers in brittish army) rebel because of gunpowder cartridges
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Indian National Congress
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political group to improve india
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Indochina
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french colonies (loas, cambodia, vietnam)
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East Indies
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Dutch colonies (indonisia)
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Taft
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US president, ambassador of phillipeans
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Phillipeans
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spanish colony, inter US
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Manchus
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ruling family of china
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opium wars
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china outlaws opium and causes indian and brittish uprising
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Treaty of Nanjing
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after the first drug war, china forced to open trade and surrender hong kong
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Hong Kong
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brittish owned port
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Taiping Rebellion
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"heavenly kingdome", large religious/lower class uprising fails
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Hong Xiuquan
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claimed to be second son of God, led rebellion
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Cixi (old buddah)
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mother of emporer, indirect ruler of china, against change
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spheres of influence
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areas of china other countries controlled
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Boxer Rebellion
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"fists of God", attempted to kick foreigners outa china
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open door
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policy, US stated no country should control China
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Matthew Perry
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sent to Japan to open doors to foreigners
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shogun
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Japanese ruler
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Meiji Restoration
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"enlighten", modernization of japan
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Shinto
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"way of the gods", leading Japanses religion
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Russo-Japanses War
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conflict over Manchuria, Russia loses
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Balkan Wars
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Serbia, Belgium, Greece attack ottoman... sparks WWI
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Sarajevo
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area near bosnia
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Bosnia
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second on serbias hit list
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Francis Ferdanand
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assassinated by serbian in sarajevo
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Gavrito Princep
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teenager that assassinated Prince Ferdenand
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Wilhelm II (Willy)
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chancelor of germany, supports austia-hungary
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Nichola II (Nicky)
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aided Serbia (russia), gained help of france
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Schlieffen Plan
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preparation to fight russia and france simultaneaously
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Tannenberg
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small german town, germany defeated russia
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von Hindenberg
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leader of germans at tannenberg
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Verdun
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city in northern france, battle in 1916, germany attacked france
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Sommer
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river in northern france, battle in 1916, france attacked germany
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Treaty of Brest-Levosk
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russia concedes to germany
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Lusitania
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british freighter ship sunk by germans
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Wilson
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president of US during WWI
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Paris Peace Conference
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ended WWI
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George and Clemenceau
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french ambassadors
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Fourteen Points Plan
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"A peace without victory", proposed people decide boundries, proposed league of nations
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Treaty of Versailles
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gave Germany responcibility for the war
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reparations
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war payments
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League of Nations
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controlling league of the world
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Weimar Republic
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govt in germany, attempt at democracy
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Ruhr
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most important industrial part of germany, taken by france
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inflation
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rise in prices
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Dawes Plan
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reduced german reparations, created debt circle
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Great Depression
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black thursday, 1929
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Labour Party
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brittish socialist party
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MacDonald
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founder and leader of labour party
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Irish Free State
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catholic ireland becomes a dominion
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Popular Front
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alliance of parties in france, socialists opposed war
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Blum
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leader of popular front
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isolationism
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belief US did better not being involved in world affairs
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Harding
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president, corrupt cabinet, dies in office
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Coolidge
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becomes president after death of Harding
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Hoover
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elected after Coolidge, president during depression
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Franklin Roosevelt
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creates "new deal" to solve problems
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New Deal
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plan to stop US depression
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Madero
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first elected president since Juarez, thrown out of office and killed
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Huerta
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killed Madero, became dictator of Mexico
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Villa
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raids US, evades
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Carranza
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pulls out of Mexico/US contraversy
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PRI
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the single party in Mexico
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Stravinsky
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Russian composer, founder of Modern music
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Gershwin
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american composer, created jazz
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Dali
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surreal painter
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Picasso
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abstract painter
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Rodin
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sculptur "the thinker"
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Wright
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architect "falling water"
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Planck
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german physicist, created quantum theory
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Quantom theory
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subatomic theory
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Einstein
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german physicist, created the relative theory
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E=MC2
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mass and energy are the same
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Parlor
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russian physicist, tested with dogs
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Freud
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austrian psychologist, put an emphasis on the unconcious and mental illness
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Kafka
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german writer, "the trial", focuses on individuals in irrational situations
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Black Shirts
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group that supports Mussolini, WWI veterans, financed by industrialists
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corporate state
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govt. doesnt directly control business, but is a "partner"
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Il Duece
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"leader", nickname of Mussolini
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Aguste Compte
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created positivism
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positivism
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people can be altered by applying scientific standards
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sociology
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study of society
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Social Darwinism
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apply adaptation and survival of the fittenst to humans
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white supremacy
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white race is supreme over others
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Joseph-Arthur de Gobineau
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a "super race" existed within the supremecy (the Aryan race)
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Chamberlain
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american, described aryan race in detail
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zionism
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land of jewish majority
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Herzl
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austrian jew, journalist, believed jews should found a jewish state
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Adolf Hitler
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austrian immigrant to germany
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National Socialism
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party of nationalism and socialism
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Nazi
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abbreviation of National Socialists
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Mein Kampf
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"my struggle", by hitler
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Slavs
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people destined to be servants of supreme (poland, russia)
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Der Fuhrer
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"the leader", hitler's nickname
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Rasputin
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russian monk, dominant influence on russian royalty, spiritual healer, killed
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Kerensky
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led first russian revolution
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Trotsky
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second in command to Lenin
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Red-White civil War
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russian civil war, communists vs. anticommunists
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Soviet Union
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union of peoples councils
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USSR
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group of countries united with russia involved with communism
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Politiburo
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policy making body of the communist party
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"War communism"
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govt. becomes very agressive
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NEP
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new economic policy, comprised of money
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kulaks
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russian farmers who worked for profit, later purged by Stalin
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Comintern
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communist international, agency to cause revolutions through the world to spread communism
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Stalin
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Bolshevik, "man of steel", becomes chairman of communist party, comes to rule USSR, cruel
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Five Year Plan
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plan to make russia an industrial power and restore pure communism
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purges
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govt. gets rid of opponents
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Mussolini
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founder/leader of fascists in italy
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fascists
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italians move for national unity
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Third Reich
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"third empire"
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Goebbels
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master propagandist, elected to industry of truth
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Nuremburg Laws
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defined jews as a race
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Kristallnact
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"night of broken glass", raids targeted at jewish stores
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Hamaguchi
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japanese prime minister, moves for economic growth, assassinated
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Sun Yat-sen
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modernized china, becomes first president of china
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Kuomintang
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chinese nationalist party
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Ching Kai-shek
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successor of Yat-sen as president, against Zedong in war
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New Culture Movement
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created by Mao Zedong, communist movement
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"Long March"
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chinese communist march
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Indian National Congress
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group of individuals that wanted to create india as a nation
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Mohandas Gandhi
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became leader of national congress, overcomes religious barriers, "I would be Christian, but for Christians"
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Amritstar Massacre
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brittish massacred indian protestors
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Jawaharlal Nehru
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Ghandi's political organizer
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Muslin League
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led by Ali Jinnah, wanted religious guarantees or a divided india
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mandate
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right to govern
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Arab Revolt
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arab revolt against ottomans
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Sharif Hussein
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arab leader made deal with brittain for an arab country
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Transjordan
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ruled by Abdullah, Hussein's son
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Iraq
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ruled by Faisal, Husserin's second son
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Zionist Movement
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movement for a jewish country (palestine)
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Balfour Declaration
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brittish supports zionist movement
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Kemal Ataturk
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dictator of Turkey, turns turkish cultures to the west
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Arabia
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becomes independant after WWI, ruled by Sa'uds
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Wahabi
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conservative muslims
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shah
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monarch of Iran
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Leopold
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belgium ruler, controlled the congo area
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tribalism
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basic governing concept of tribes
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Brittish Model
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"indirect" tried to rule through a previously established native leader
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French Model
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"direct" directly ruled with french officials, established education
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Portugese Model
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ruled "Angola", used assimilation
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assimilation
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"bring together"
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Kenya and Rhodesia
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under Brittish control, brittish encouraged to settle there
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animism
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belief in small scale gods in nature
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African National Congress
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unify africa
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Dubois
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afro-american, headed pan-africanism, civil rights leader
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Pan-africanism
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people of african ancestry have strong connections reguardless of location
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Haile Selossie
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ruler of ethiopia, stops attack by italy
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Nkirumah
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from Ghana, "pilot program", comited to democracy
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Kenyatta
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from Kenya, political leader, Mau Mau leader
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Mau Mau
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society of Kenya freedom fighters
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