Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Domestication
|
when something is genetically altered to satisfy the needs of humans, thus if it was placed back in the wild, it wouldn't survive
|
|
|
|
Morgan Fried
|
"Pristine State" and the stages of development
|
|
|
|
Stage A
|
egalitarian organization
|
reciprocal economy
no specialization kin based exchange "primitive society" |
|
|
Stage B
|
ranked society
|
Prestige
fixed number of elite ranks status dependent on birth order redistributive economy high status - political authority |
|
|
stage c
|
stratification society
|
division of labor
social stratification based on complex ideas of class introduction of taxes and tolls non-kin communities complex economy access to strategic resources & scarcity of resource |
|
|
stage D
|
state society
|
access to strategic resources is maintained and strengthened
erodes family-based economics and relies on super-familial organizations hierarchy, property, and power of law. maintaining and controlling populations, police, military, etc.. primary vs. secondary states |
|
|
E Service
|
Divided society into:
Bands Tribes Chiefdoms States |
|
|
|
Gordon Childe
|
wrote The Urban Revolution
|
|
|
|
The Urban Revolution
|
1. change to sedentary life (transition from season change of abode, to life in one place)
2. transition from experimental plant cultivation to farming 3. building of houses and temples 4. burial of dead in cemetaries 5. invention of clay vessels 6. specialized crafts 7. metal production |
|
|
|
Childe's Urban Checklist
|
population density
surplus of food taxation monumental public works social stratification systems of recording and numerical notation system of writing art trade craft specialization |
|
|
|
Bob Carnerio
|
Bases his work on Childe
Suggests that origin of the State must be looked at through the concept of isolation and/or circumscription |
|
|
|
3 Early sites that document the transition to agriculture
|
a. Netiv Hagdud
b. Abu Hureya c. Jericho |
|
|
|
Mesopotamia
|
means Land Between Rivers
the plains of the Tigris and Euphrates including large portions of Syria and Iraq |
|
|
|
stratigraphy
|
the study of strata and how they develop in order to understand natural and cultural processes
|
|
|
|
Fekri Hassan
|
desert environments
|
|
|
|
T.C. Young
|
population increase
|
|
|
|
Wittfogel
|
water - oriental despotism
|
|
|
|
Possehl
|
multi-casual
|
|
|
|
Jericho
|
Located on western edge of the Jordan Valley in Levant (Palestine)
Excavated by Kathleen Kenyon Known as typical Natufian settlement |
|
|
|
Housing of Jericho
|
Dense cluster of housing, no streets or organization.
Circular and oval houses grain storage bins |
|
|
|
PPNB
|
Pre-Pottery Neolithic B
|
|
|
|
Domestication in Anatolia
|
(Turkey) - diverse environment where the adoption of the domesticates occurs earliest at around 9500 BC
|
|
|
|
Catal Hyuk
|
Located in Anatolia
stable culture during occupation rectangular flatroofed houses, back to back walls |
|
|
|
Naquada, Egypt
|
mainly a cemetary, over 2100 graves, 17 acres on the low desert overlooking the Nile Valley.
people burried in a fetal crouch |
|
|
|
Maadi, Lower Egypt
|
houses dug 2-3 meters into subsoil
entrance- slanted passage way posts supported roof center of room- sunken hearth |
|
|
|
Microlithic sites
|
Aq Kupruk (in present day Afghanistan)
Baghor (in present day India) |
|
