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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Coaxial Cable
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Copper wire insulated with a braided metal shield. 10Base-2 and 10Base-5. Usually for one-way networks. Distance limited.
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Twisted-Pair Cables.
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Four pairs of twisted wires surrounded with PVC. Might be shielded. Unshielded is 10Base-T. Very common in LAN settings.
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Fiber Cables.
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Optical Fiber (glass). Very fast but very expensive and difficult to repair.
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Attenuation
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Degradation of signal over distance
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Cross Talk
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Contamination of electronic signal by a different signal in a different cable.
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3-4-5 Rule
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Rull for Ethernet Tree Topologies
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Baseband
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A method of communication where signal is transmitted at its original frequency.
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Broadband
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A method of communication where the signal is transmitted by being impressed on a high-frequency carrier.
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Plenum
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A coating for cables that does not release toxic fumes when burned unlike the more common PVC.
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Common transport protocol that is Unicast
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TCP
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Common transport protocol that is multicast
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UDP
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LAN
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Local Area Network: Limited geographical area.
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MAN
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Metropolitan Area Network. Network over a city or town. Usually deploys FDDI or SONET Ring
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WAN
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Wide Area Network. A wide geographical area. Usually deplys ATM, X.25
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Internet
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Network of Networks.
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Intranet
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Internal Internet
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Extranet
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Intranet with some distance components.
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DMZ
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Demilitarized Zone
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Four main Network Topologies
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Bus (with Tree), Ring, Star, Mesh
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Common Protocols at Layer 2 (Data Link)
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SLP, PPP, ARP, RARP, L2F, FDDI, ISDN
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CSMA/CD
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Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection. If a component senses there is no the messaging occurring, it will then send data. MOST COMMON ON ETHERNET.
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CSMA/CA
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Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance. Unit first sends out a message announcing it will be sending data.
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gHz of 802.11 standards
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802.11, b, ang g are 2.4 GHz. 802.11a is 5 GHz
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AP
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Access Point. A station that a wireless network connects to a wired network.
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SSID
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Service Set ID.ID for a wireless Access Point (AP)
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Principles of WEP
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Shared Key Authentication Wireless Method. Uses shared key. AP send challenge to unit which encrypts it with shared key. Works at lower level of OSI model. Many flaws.Stream cipher.
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WPA
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W-Fi Protected Access. Responce to weaknesses in WEP. Uses RC4 stream cipher.
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WAP
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Wireless Application Protocol allows mobile devices to connect to Internet.
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WTLS
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Wireless Transport Layer Security. The Gap in the WAP
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FTP Port
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20, 21
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SMTP Port
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25
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SNMP Port
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161
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HTTP Port
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80
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Telnet Port
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23
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HTTPS Port
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43
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ICMP
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Internet Control Messaging Protocol. Status and error messaging. Where ECHO and PING reside.
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SNMP
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Simple Network Management Protocol.
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SMTP
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Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.
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Repeater
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Amplifies signals. Works at the PHYSICAL LAYER
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Hub
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Connects segments of a LAN and can act as a repeater. Works at the PHYSICAL layer
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Bridge
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Connects segments of LANs. Forwards all Broadcast messages. Does not forward collision data. Works at the DATA LINK Layer.
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Switch.
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Connects network segments. Fast. Works at the DATA LINK (MAC address) Layer
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VLAN
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Virtual LAN. Used in switches. Works at the DATA LINK Layer.
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Router.
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Connects networks. Routes based on IP information, so it works at the NETWORK Layer. Can filter based on various rule sets and ACLs.
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Gateway
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Connects different types of environments. USUALLY WORKS AT THE APPLICATION LAYER but can also operate at the SESSION or NETWORK Layer. (e.g., TCP/IP to AppleTalk)
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Bastion Host
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Hardened machine usually found in the DMZ
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Firewall
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Usually Routers that block traffic based on specific criteria
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Generation 1 Firewall
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Packet Filtering. Based on ACLs. Works at NETWORK Layer.
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Generation 2 Firewall
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Circuit-Level. Works at the TRANSPORT LEVEL. SOCKS is an example.
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Generation 3 Firewall
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Stateful. Looks at IP address, protocol. Maintains a state table
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4th Generation Firewall
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Dynamic Packet Filtering. Application proxies and stateful inspection firewalls.
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Dial-Up Protocols
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SLIP/PPP
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PAP and CHAP
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Authentication Protocols for remote users
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VPN
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Virtual Private Network. PPTP is common as is L2TP and IPSEc
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L2TP
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Cisco protocol for VPNs
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IPSEc
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VPN Tunneling Protocol
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NAT
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Network Address Translation. Made to accomodate increase in need for IP addresses
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SONET
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A network often used in MANs
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FDDI
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A Token Ring Network often used in MANs
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PSTN
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Public Switched Telephone Network
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ISDN
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A digital means of transmitting data over the telephone lines
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DSL
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Digital Subscriber Line
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X.25
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WAN Packet switching Technology
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Frame Relay
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Packet-switching protocol for WANs
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ATM
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Asynchronous Transfer Mode. Highest bandwidth for WAN. Used for Internet's backbones
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Layers of OSI Model
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Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application
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TCP/IP Model
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Link Layer, Network Layer, Transport Layer, Application Layer
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RADIUS
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Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service. An authentication protocol often used to connect remote hosts to a network.
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DIAMETER
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A form of RADIUS
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