Cis319 Week 4 Ch 3

Front 1

database management system (DBMS)

Back 1

A group of programs that manip-ulate the database and provide an interface between the database and its users and other application programs.

Front 2

database administrator (DBA)

Back 2

A skilled IS professional who directs all activities related to an organization's database.

Front 3

character

Back 3

A basic building block of information, consisting of uppercase letters, lowercase letters, numeric digits, or special symbols.

Front 4

field

Back 4

Typically a name, number, or combination of characters that describes an aspect of a business object or activity.

Front 5

record

Back 5

A collection of related data fields.

Front 6

file

Back 6

A collection of related records.

Front 7

hierarchy of data

Back 7

Bits, characters, fields, records, files, and databases.

Front 8

entity

Back 8

A generalized class of people, places, or things for which data is collected, stored, and maintained.

Front 9

attribute

Back 9

A characteristic of an entity.

Front 10

data item

Back 10

The specific value of an attribute.

Front 11

key

Back 11

A field or set of fields in a record that is used to identify the record.

Front 12

primary key

Back 12

A field or set of fields that uniquely identifies the record.

Front 13

traditional approach to data management

Back 13

An approach whereby separate data files are created and stored for each application program.

Front 14

data redundancy

Back 14

A duplication of data in separate files.

Front 15

data integrity

Back 15

The degree to which the data in any one file is accurate.

Front 16

database approach to data management

Back 16

An approach whereby a pool of related data is shared by multiple application programs.

Front 17

planned data redundancy

Back 17

A way of organizing data in which the logical database design is altered so that certain data entities are com-bined, summary totals are carried in the data records rather than calcu-lated from elemental data, and some data attributes are repeated in more than one data entity to improve database performance.

Front 18

data model

Back 18

A diagram of data entities and their relationships.

Front 19

enterprise data modeling

Back 19

The data modeling done at the level of the entire enterprise.

Front 20

entity-relationship (ER) diagram

Back 20

The data models that use basic graphical symbols to show the organization of and relationships between data.

Front 21

relational model

Back 21

A database model that describes data in which all data elements are placed in two-dimensional tables, called relations, that are the logical equivalent of files.

Front 22

domain

Back 22

The allowable values for data attributes.

Front 23

selecting

Back 23

The data manipulation that eliminates rows according to certain criteria.

Front 24

projecting

Back 24

The data manipulation that eliminates columns in a table.

Front 25

joining

Back 25

The data manipulation that combines two or more tables.

Front 26

linking

Back 26

The data manipulation that relates or links two or more tables using common data attributes.

Front 27

schema

Back 27

A description of the entire database.

Front 28

subschema

Back 28

A file that contains a description of a subset of the database and identifies which users can view and modify the data items in the subset.

Front 29

data definition language (DDL)

Back 29

A collection of instructions and commands used to define and describe data and data relationships in a specific database.

Front 30

data dictionary

Back 30

A detailed description of all the data used in the database.

Front 31

concurrency control

Back 31

A method of dealing with a situation in which two or more people need to access the same record in a database at the same time.

Front 32

data manipulation language (DML)

Back 32

The commands that are used to manipulate the data in a database.

Front 33

data warehouse

Back 33

A database that collects business information from many sources in the enterprise, covering all aspects of the company's processes, products, and customers.

Front 34

data mart

Back 34

A subset of a data warehouse.

Front 35

data mining

Back 35

An information-analysis tool that involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data warehouse or a data mart.

Front 36

predictive analysis

Back 36

A form o f data mining th at c om bines historical data with assumptions about future conditions to predict outcomes of events such as future product sales or the probability that a customer will default on a loan.

Front 37

business intelligence (BI)

Back 37

The process of gathering enough of the right information in a time-ly manner and usable form and analyzing it to have a positive impact on business strategy, tactics, or operations.

Front 38

competitive intelligence

Back 38

A continuous process involving the legal and ethical collection of information about competitors, its analysis, and controlled dissemination of information to decision makers.

Front 39

counterintelligence

Back 39

The steps an organization takes to protect information sought by "hostile" intelligence gatherers.

Front 40

knowledge management

Back 40

The process of capturing a company's collective expertise wherever it resides—in computers, on paper, in people's heads—and distributing it wherever it can help produce the biggest payoff.

Front 41

distributed database

Back 41

A database in which the data can be spread across several smaller databases connected via telecommunications devices.

Front 42

replicated database

Back 42

A database that holds a duplicate set of frequently used data.

Front 43

online analytical processing (OLAP)

Back 43

The software that allows users to explore data from a number of different perspectives.

Front 44

object-oriented database

Back 44

The database that stores both data and its processing instructions.

Front 45

object-oriented database management system (OODBMS)

Back 45

A group of programs that manipulate an object-oriented database and provide a user interface and connections to other application programs.

Front 46

object-relational database management system (ORDBMS)

Back 46

A DBMS capable of manipulating audio, video, and graphical data.