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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Golden Rule
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Do unto others, as you would have them do unto you. Think about fairness in decision making.
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Universalism
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if an action is not right for all situations, then it is not right for any specific situation (Kant's categorical imperative)
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Slippery Slope
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if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, then it is not right to take at all. (Descartes rule of change). An action may appear to work in one instance to solve a problem, but if repeated, would result in a negative outcome.
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Collective Utilitarian Principle
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take the action that achieves the greater value for all of society
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Risk Averstion
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take the action that produces the least harm, or at the least potential cost.
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No Free Lunch
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if something someone else has created is useful to you, it has value and you should assume the creator wants compensation for this work
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Trade Secret
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a formula, practice, process, design, instrument, pattern or compilation of information which is not generally known or reasonably ascertainable, by which a business can obtain an economic advantage over competitors or customers
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Uniform Trade Secrets Act (UTSA)
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1979 and amended in 85, a uniform act promulgated in an effort to provide legal framework for improved trade secret protection
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Economic espionage
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criminalizes the misappropriation of trade secrets (including conspiracy to misappropriate trade secrets and the subsequent acquisition of such misappropriated trade secrets) with the knowledge or intent that the theft will benefit a foreign
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Theft of Trade Secrets
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Criminalizes the misappropriation of trade secrets related to or included in a product that is produced for or placed interstate (including international) commerce, with the knowledge or intent that the misappropriation will injure the owner of the trade secret. Penalties for violation of section 1832 are imprisonment for up to 10 years for individuals (no fines) and fines of up to 5 million for orgs.
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Copyrigth Law
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protects original forms of expression such as writings, art, drawings, photographs, music, motion pictures, performances, and computer programs from being copied by others for a minimum of 70 years. Only protects ideas as expressed in a tangible medium or form.
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Copyright Act 1790
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encourage creativity and authorship by ensuring that creative people receive financial and other benefits for their work
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Computer Software Copyright Act
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1980; provides protection for source and object code and for copies of the original sold in commerce, and sets forth the rights of the purchaser to use the software while the creator retains legal title
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Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
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1998; first major effort to adjust the copyright laws to the internet age
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America Invents Act 2011
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patent reform bill that changed the US patent system from "first to invent" to "first to file, meaning the first one to file a patent on an idea is the rightful owner of the creation
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Doctrine of Fair Use
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under certain circumstances, permits use of copyrighted material without permission
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Patent Law
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grants the owner an exclusive monopoly on the ideas behind an invention for 20 years. Patents are obtained from the US Patent and Trademark Office. In order to obtain, applicant must show the invention is new, original, novel, nonobvious, and not evident in prior arts and practice
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State Street Bank and Trust V. Signature Financial Group
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paved the way for business firms to begin applying for "business method" patents
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Trademark Law
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law protecting a mark used to identify and distinguish goods and indicate their source. Trademarks are granted for a period of 10 years and can be renewed indefinitely.
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Process to get trademarked
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obtained first by use in interstate commerce, and second, by registration with the USPTO
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Federal Trademark Dilution act
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1995; created a federal cause of action for dilution of famous marks
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Dilution
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any behavior that would weaken the connection between the trademark and the product
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Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act (ACPA)
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1999; creates civil liabilities for anyone who attempts in bad faith to profit from an existing famous or distinctive trademark by registering an Internet domain name that is identical or confusingly similar to, or "dilutive" of, that trademark. These are domain names that attempt to extort money from the owners of the existing trademark.
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Cyberpiracy
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same as cybersquatting but intents to divert traffic from the legitimate site to an infringing site
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Federal Trade Commission FTC
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is a governmental agency that takes the lead in online privacy research and recommending legislation to Congress. Promote marketplace protection of consumers from unfair and deceptive practice and enforces legislation by suing corporations it believes are in violation of federal fair trade law.
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Free of Information Act
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1966; Gives people the right to inspect information about themselves held in government files, public right to know
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Privacy Act
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1974; Regulates the federal governments collection, use and disclosure of data collected by federal agencies. Gives individuals the right to inspect and correct records
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Electronic Communications Privacy Act
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1986; makes conduct that would infringe on the security of electronic communications illegal
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Computer matching and privacy protection act
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1988; regulates computerized matching of files held by different government agencies
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Computer Security Act
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1987; makes conduct that would infringe on the security of computer-based files illegal
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Driver's Privacy Protection Act
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1994; limits access to personal information maintained by state motor vehicle departments to those with legitimate business purposes. Also, provides drivers option to opt out of driver's license information disclosure to marketers and the general public.
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E-Government Act
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2002; Regulates the collection and use of personal information by federal agencies
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Fair Credit Reporting Act
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1970; Grants people the right to inspect credit records
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Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act
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1974; Requires educational institutions to allow students and parents access and right to correct information within an educational institution. Also limits disclosure to third parties.
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Rights to Financial Privacy Act
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1978; Establishes privacy procedures in handling personal financial information by financial institutions
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Privacy Protection Act
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1980; Prohibits government agents from conduction unannounced searches of press offices and files if no one in the office is suspected of committing a crime
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Cable Communications Policy Act
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1984; Regulates cable industrys collection and disclosure of information concerning subscribers
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Video Privacy Protection Act
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1988; prevents disclosure of personas video rental records without court order or consent
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Financial Modernization Act
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1999; Requires financial institutions to inform consumers of their privacy policies and permits customers some control over their records
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Children's Online Privacy Protection Act
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1998; protects collection, use, and/or disclosure of personal information from or about children on the internet
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Health insurance portability and accountability act (HIPPA)
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1996; Concerns the privacy due to consumers regarding their health information and establishes strict procedures of personal information disclosure by health care providers in handling such information
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What acts strengthen the ability of law enforcement agencies to monitor internet users without their knowledge?
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Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA), the USA Patriot Act, and Cyber Security Enhancement Act
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