Cis Chapter 1

Front 1

application (app)

Back 1

A computer program designed to support a specific task or business process.

Front 2

business intelligence (BI) systems

Back 2

Provide computer-based support for complex, nonroutine decisions, primarily for middle managers and knowledge workers.

Front 3

computer-based information system (CBIS)

Back 3

An information system that uses computer technology to perform some or all of its intended tasks.

Front 4

dashboards (or digital dashboards)

Back 4

A special form of IS that supports all managers of the organization by providing rapid access to timely information and direct access to structured information in the form of reports.

Front 5

database

Back 5

A collection of related files or tables containing data.

Front 6

data items

Back 6

Elementary descriptions of things, events, activities, and transactions that are recorded, classified, and stored but are not organized to convey any specific meaning.

Front 7

electronic commerce (e-commerce) system

Back 7

A type of interorganizational information system that enables organizations to conduct transactions, called business-to-business (B2B) electronic commerce, and customers to conduct transactions with businesses, called business-to-consumer (B2C) electronic commerce.

Front 8

enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems

Back 8

ISs that correct a lack of communication among the FAISs by tightly integrating the functional area ISs via a common database.

Front 9

ergonomics

Back 9

The science of adapting machines and work environments to people with the goal of creating an environment that is safe, well lit, and comfortable.

Front 10

expert systems (ESs)

Back 10

Attempt to duplicate the work of human experts by applying reasoning capabilities, knowledge, and expertise within a specific domain.

Front 11

functional area information systems (FAISs)

Back 11

ISs that support a particular functional area within the organization.

Front 12

hardware

Back 12

A device such as a processor, monitor, keyboard, or printer. Together, these devices accept data and information, process them, and display them.

Front 13

information

Back 13

Data that have been organized so that they have meaning and value to the recipient.

Front 14

information system (IS)

Back 14

Collects, processes, stores, analyzes, and disseminates information for a specific purpose.

Front 15

information technology (IT)

Back 15

First four components of IS. Relates to any computer-based tool that people use to work with information and support the information and information-processing needs of an organization.

Front 16

information technology (IT) components

Back 16

Hardware, software, databases, and networks.

Front 17

information technology (IT) infrastructure

Back 17

IT components plus IT services.

Front 18

information technology (IT) platform

Back 18

Formed by the IT components of hardware, software, networks (wireline and wireless), and databases.

Front 19

information technology (IT) services

Back 19

IT personnel use IT components to perform these IT services: develop information systems, oversee security and risk, and manage data.

Front 20

informed user

Back 20

A person knowledgeable about information systems and information technology.

Front 21

interorganizational information systems (IOSs)

Back 21

Information systems that connect two or more organizations.

Front 22

knowledge

Back 22

Data and/or information that have been organized and processed to convey understanding, experience, accumulated learning, and expertise as they apply to a current problem or activity.

Front 23

knowledge workers

Back 23

Professional employees, such as financial and marketing analysts, engineers, lawyers, and accountants, who are experts in a particular subject area and create information and knowledge, which they integrate into the business.

Front 24

network

Back 24

A connecting system (wireline or wireless) that permits different computers to share resources.

Front 25

office automation systems (OASs)

Back 25

Typically support clerical staff, lower and middle managers, and knowledge workers to develop documents, schedule resources, and communicate.

Front 26

procedures

Back 26

The set of instructions about how to combine the components of information technology in order to process information and generate the desired output.

Front 27

software

Back 27

A program or collection of programs that enable the hardware to process data.

Front 28

supply chain

Back 28

The flow of materials, information, money, and services from suppliers of raw materials through factories and warehouses to the end customers.

Front 29

transaction processing system (TPS)

Back 29

Supports the monitoring, collection, storage, and processing of data from the organization's basic business transactions, each of which generates data.

Front 30

end user computing

Back 30

in the modern organization, computers are located in all departments, and almost all employees use computers in their work

Front 31

business process

Back 31

A collection of related activities that create a product or a service of value to the organization, its business partners, and/or its customers.

Front 32

business process management

Back 32

A management technique that includes methods and tools to support the design, analysis, implementation, management, and optimization of business processes.

Front 33

business process reengineering

Back 33

A radical redesign of a business process that improves its efficiency and effectiveness, often by beginning with a “clean sheet” (from scratch).

Front 34

cross-functional processes

Back 34

No single functional area is responsible for a process's execution.