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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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right and left atria (singular: atrium)
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they fill with blood returning either from the body or the lungs
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right and left ventricles
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they receive blood from the atria and pump it out to either the body or the lungs.
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septum
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thick muscular wall that separates the atria and ventricles from each other
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superior vena cava
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collects oxygen-poor blood coming from the tissues in the head, chest, and arms.
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inferior vena cava
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collects oxygen-poor blood coming from the tissues elsewhere in the body.
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pulmonary arteries
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brings blood from the heart to the lungs for gas exchange (deoxygenated blood)
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pulmonary veins
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brings oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium (only veins in the circulatory system that contains oxygenated blood)
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aorta
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carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to all regions of the body except for the lungs
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tricuspid valve
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the atrioventricular valve on the right side that separates the atria and ventricles. Made up of 3 flaps.
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bicuspid valve
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the atrioventricular valve on the left side that separates the atria and ventricles. Made up of only 2 flaps.
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semilunar valves
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final 2 valves in the heart; named because of their half-moon shape.
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vasodilation
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expansion in the diameter of blood vessels; vasodilation near the skin brings more blood to the surface to help reduce body temperature.
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vasoconstriction
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decrease in the diameter of blood vessels; vasoconstriction near the skin conserves body heat.
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Chordae tendinae
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prevents the valves in the heart from inverting when the heart contracts
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sinoatrial node (SA node)
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bundle of specialized muscle tissue located in the wall of the right atrium of the mammalian heart; generates an electrical impulse that stimulates cardiac muscle fibers to contract and relax rhythmically, producing a regular heartbeat
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atrioventricle node (AV node)
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bundle of specialized muscle tissue located in the wall of the right atrium; recieves electrical stimulus from the SA node and transmits this impulse over the walls of the ventricles to start their contraction.
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systolic pressure
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maximum blood pressure exerted during ventricular contraction
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diastolic pressure
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the lowest blood pressure exerted before the ventricles contract
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plasma
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fluid portion of blood, made up of water plus dissolved gases, proteins, sugars, vitamins, minerals, hormones, and waste products.
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erythrocyte
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blood cell that contains the respiratory protein hemoglobin and is specialized for oxygen transport; also known as red blood cell
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leucocyte
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colourless blood cell that protects the body from infection by way of the immune response, and also plays a role in allergic reactions and inflammation; also known as white blood cell
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platelet
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component of the formed portion of the blood, consisting of fragments of cells that are created when larger cells in the bone marrow break apart; contains no nucleus and plays a key role in blood clotting
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