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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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An aneurysm is?
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outpouching or dilation of an arterial wall
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Coumadin half life is?
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1 to 2days; takes 48 to 72 hrs to start working and several more days before max effect achieved
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T or F? Give oral anticoag. at the same time as IV heparin? Why?
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True. Because of the half life
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Other names for Coumarin?
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Coumadin & Warifarin
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Antidote for Coumarin?
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Vitamin K
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Tor F? Anticoagulants dissolve clots?
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False: Body eats up it's own clot.
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dorsi-flex feet, rotate ankles q 2-4hr, OOB for all meals & amb. min. 3 times per day
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Prevetion & Treatment of DVT's
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Prevention and Treatment: wear______for 3-6mths?
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elastic compression hose
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Prevention and Treatment: In hospital?
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beadrest, elevate limb, meds, and warm compresses
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Prevention & Treatment: easiest and cheapest?
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early ambulation
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Aneurysm found in?
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abdomen, thoracic aorta, and popliteal
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Cause for Aneurysm? (leading cause in PAD)
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atherosclerosis
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Cause of superficial thrombophlebitis in upper extremity?
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IV
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Cause of superficial thrombophlebitis in lower extremity?
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Trauma to varicose veins
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Meds for discomfort in superficial thrombophlebitis?
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ASA, NSAID, Tylenol
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Superficial Thrombophlebitis: position extremity?
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Elevate
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Superficial thrombophlebitis: Treatment?
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use anticoagulants, compression stockings for LE after acute thrombophlebitis has passed, remove IV cath immediately
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Most serious consequences of DVT?
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PE & Chronic Venous Insufficiency
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Is homan's sign reliable?
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NO
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Aneurysms, Raynauds, and Buerger's?
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Arteries (PAD)
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Progressive narrowing and degeneration of arteries of neck, abdomen, and extremities.
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Peripheral Arterial Disease
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Cigarette smoking, Hyperlipidemia, Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus
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Risk factors for Peripheral Arterial Disease
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Classification: Amolodipine, Felodipine, Nifedipine, Nisoldipine, Statins?
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Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs)
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Norvasc, Procardia
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Common brand names for CCBs
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Why you don't drink grapefruit juice with CCBs?
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It increases the blood level of these meds.
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Side effects of ACE inhibitors
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Cough in 10-20% of pt's; increased K+, hypotension with 1st dose
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Patients who don't respond well to ACE inhibitors include?
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African American (unless taken with a diuretic) & Elderly
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ending in "PRIL"
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ACE inhibitor meds
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Priniril, Accupril, Captopril, Benazepril
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ACE inhibitors
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Inhibits formation of Angio II (constrictor) and blocks aldosterone (facilitates excretion of Na & H2O, causing K+ to be retained)
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ACE inhibitors
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Raynaud's Phenomenon
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vasospastic disorder of small cutaneous arteries affecting the fingers and toes
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Important in regulating BP
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Kidney's
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Systolic BP >140; Diastolic BP >90
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Hypertension
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Systolic BP 120-139; Diastolic BP 80-89
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Pre-hypertension
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age, alcohol, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, elevated serum lipids, excess dietary sodium, gender, pamily history, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, socioeconomic status, stress
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risk factors for hypertension
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Silent killer
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Hypertension- pt are frequently asympromatic until target organ disease occurs
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How to take a BP?
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Pt seated quietly 5min in chair, feet on floor, arm supported at heart level
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Heart, brain, peripheral vasculature, kidney, eyes
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Hypertension complication: Target organ disease
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7's: soups, sauces, snacks, smoked meats, sauerkraut, seasonings, sodium processed cold cuts are?
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extremely high in sodium
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____ are more likely to have "white coat" hypertension
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Older adults
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