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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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GENERAL PURPOSE AND FUNCTION OF A CIRCULATORY SYSTEM |
TO MOVE MATERIALS THAT COULDN'T BE MOVED BY DIFFUSION ALONE |
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THE NAMES OF BLOOD VESSELS AND HEART CHAMBERS |
blood drains from the superior vena cava (from the head and arms) or inferior vena cava (from the lower trunk and legs) into the right atrium,-moves out to the lungs via the pulmonary artery,-returns to the left atrium through the pulmonary vein, and-leaves the heart through the aorta. |
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DIASTOLE AND SYSTOLE |
During diastole, blood flows from veins to heart chambers-During systole, (contraction phase) blood flows from atria into ventricles to large arteries |
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WHAT KEEPS THE BLOOD MOVING IN THE CORRECT DIRECTION WITHIN THE HEART AND VEINS |
lap-like valves made of connective tissue are positioned in the exit of each chamber. The valves between the atria and ventricles are called atrioventricular (AV) valves; a semilunar valve is located at the exit from each ventricle. These valves open when pushed from one side and close when pushed from the other, thus preventing backflow. |
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EXPLAIN HOW HEARTBEATS ARE CONTROLLED |
The SA (sinoatrial) node generates electrical signals in atria and sets the rate of heart contractions.The AV (atrioventricular) node relays these signals to the ventricles and causes ventricular contraction1. Signals from theSA node spreadthrough the atria.2. Signals aredelayed at theAV node. (0.1 sec3. Specialized musclefibers pass signalsto the heart apex.4. Signals spreadthroughout the ventricles |
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RELATE THE STRUCTURE OF BLOOD VESSELS TO THEIR FUNCTION |
Capillaries have thin walls, single layer of epithelial cells, are narrow, about as wide as one red blood cell, and increase surface area for gas and fluid exchange with the interstitial fluid.Arteries and veins are lined by a single layer of epithelial cells andhave elastic fibers in an outer connective tissue layer that allows these vessels to recoil after stretching.-Arteries contain a thick layer of smooth muscle in their walls that can constrict and reduce blood flow.-Veins have one-way valves that restrict backward flow of blood. |
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EXPLAIN HOW AND WHY BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGES AS BLOOD MOVES AWAY FROM THE HEART |
BLOOD PRESSURE IS HIGHER IN ARTERIES AND LOWEST IN THE VEINS |
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EXPLAIN HOW BLOOD IS MOVED BACK TO THE HEART |
Whenever the body moves, muscles squeeze blood through the veins which are often sandwiched between skeletal muscles. One way valves allow the blood to flow only toward the heart. Breathing also helps return blood to the heart. |
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EXAMPLES OF NORMAL AND HIGH PRESSURE READINGS |
healthy is 120/70.unhealthy (hypertension) 140 systolic and/or 90 diastolic. |
