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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Can left ventricular hypertrophy result as a consequence of aortic stenosis?
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Yes. This occurs when the left ventricle has to produce high pressure or when it pumps extra volume with each stroke. In aortic stenosis, the left ventricle must contract very strongly, producing high wall tension in order to increase the aortic pressure to values that are high enough to expel blood into the aorta. In mitral stenosis and tricuspid stenosis, the ventricles are normal b/c the atrium produces extra pressure to move blood through the stenotic valves.
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In PDA, a large quantity of blood pumped into the aorta goes where?
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This blood flows immediately backward into the pulmonary artery and then into the lung and left atrium. the shunting of blood from the aorta results in a low diastolic pressure, while the increased inflow of blood into the left atrium and ventricle increases stroke volume and systolic pressure. This results in an increase in pulse pressure.
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What occurs during heart failure and causes an increase in renal sodium excretion?
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Increased atrial natriuretic factor release. During heart failure, blood volume increases, resulting in increased cardiac stretch. Atrial pressure increases, causing a release of ANF, resulting in an increase in renal sodium excretion. Factors causing sodium retention during heart failure, include aldosterone release, decreased glomerular filtration rate, and increased angiotensin 11 release. A decrease in mean arterial pressure results in decreased glomerular hydrostatic pressure and causes a decrease in renal sodium excretion.
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What is responsible for the net movement of glucose across a capillary wall?
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It is directly proportional to the wall permeability to glucose, wall surface area, and concentration gradient across the capillary wall. this would all increase the net movement of glucose across the capillary wall.
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What is the normal resting coronary blood flow, and what influences it?
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It is app 225ml/min. Infusion of adenosine or the local release of it normally increases the coronary blood flow. Contraction of cardiac muscle around the vasculature, especially in the subendocardial vessels, causes a decrease in blood flow. During the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle, the subendocardial flow clearly decreases and the decrease in epicardial flow is relatively minor.
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