Cigarette Smoking And Cancer

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How many people in the world are daily smokers?

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1.2 Billion

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How many people in the United States are diagnosed with lung cancer each year?

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170,000

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Lung cancer is responsible for more cancer deaths than....

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colorectal, breast and prostate cancers COMBINED

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90% of smokers start by the age of...

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18

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Tobacco is more addictive than

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heroin, cocaine, and alcohol

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Tar in cigarrettes paralyses...

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the cilia, the small hairs which protect and clean the lungs.

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BPDE

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Benzopryrene Diol Epoxide, burning tars in cigarettes creates BPDE which is absorbed by the lung tissue. BPDE binds to the tumor suppressing gene P53 and causes mutations at three specific hot spots on the p53 gene resulting in unrestricted cell division.

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P53

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works at 2cell cycle checkpoints, detects DNA damage and signals the cell to stop dividing allowing time for mutation to be repaired before iti s passed on to daughter cells, also the primary ptrotein that starts aptoptosis

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K-ras

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protein produced by the K-ras gene is a tumor "activator". Overactivity contributes to tumor development.

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Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

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Adenocarcinoma usually develops on the outer boundaries of the lungs and is more commonly found in

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Squamous cell carcinoma

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commonly starts in the bronchi and may not spread as rapidly as other lung cancers (30%).

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Large cell carcinoma

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Squamous cell carcinoma
commonly starts in the bronchi and may not spread as rapidly as other lung cancers (30%).
Large cell carcinoma is

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Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung, also called oat cell carcinoma

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creates its own hormones, which alter body chemistry. Without treatment, small cell carcinoma of the lung has the most aggressive clinical course of any type of pulmonary tumor, with median survival from diagnosis of only 2 to 4 months

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Renal cell carcinoma (RCC)

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the most common form of kidney cancer. Studies show that smokers are twice as likely as nonsmokers to develop this type of kidney cancer.
90-95% five year survival rate for tumors less than 4 CM. For larger tumors, survival still around 80-85%

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Renal failure

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This condition causes the kidneys to shut down, either slowly or quickly. Renal failure is a life- threatening condition.

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Renal sarcomas

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Renal sarcomas are rare and attack the kidney's connective tissues.

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Transitional cell carcinomas

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Transitional cell carcinomas are a less common form of kidney cancer that is found in connecting tubes in the kidneys and the bladder. Tobacco use is a leading cause of this type of cancer.