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190 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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a casa
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at home
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a destra
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to the right
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a sinistra
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to the left
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a,
ad |
at,
in, to note: like e (and), Italians often change a to ad when it precedes a vowel because it sounds better; |
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americano,
americana |
American
note: this is not capitalized |
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anche
|
also,
too, as well |
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avanti dritto
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straight ahead
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bello
bella belli belle |
beautiful,
handsome |
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c'è
|
there is
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c'è and ci sono
v. ecco |
c'è & ci sono refer to someone or something that may or may not be in sight;
ecco always refers to someone or something that is in sight |
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c'è un tour, per favore?
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is there a tour, please?
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che cosa
|
what
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che cosa?
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what?
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che?
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what?
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chi è ...?
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who is ...?
refers to a single person |
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chi sono?
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who are they?
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chi v. cosa
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chi - refers to people
cosa - refers to things |
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chi?
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who,
whom |
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ci sono
|
there are
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com'è < >?
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what is < > like?
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come?
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how?
like what? |
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con
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with
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cos'è...?
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what is...?
what is he / she? |
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cosa sono?
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what are they?
refers to things |
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cosa?
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what?
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definite articles -
masc plural |
i - before a consonant
gli - before a vowel gli - before z gli - before s + consonant |
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definite articles - fem plural
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le - before both consonants and vowels;
note: there is no elision of vowels |
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definite articles - fem singular
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la - before a consonant
l' - before a vowel |
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definite articles - masc singular
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il - before a consonant
l' - before a vowel lo - before z lo - before s + consonant |
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definite articles - titles
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1. use the article before the title when talking about someone;
2. omit the article when talking to someone |
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dei
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of the
di + i |
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desidera
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he / she wishes;
you wish (formal direct address) |
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di
d' |
of,
from |
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domani ho
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tomorrow I have
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dov'è?
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where is...?
where is he / she? |
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dove
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where
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dove abiti!
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where do you live?
(familiar, sing) |
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e,
ed |
and
note: there is no accent mark; often before a vowel the spelling is changed to ed because it sounds better |
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ecco!
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here is,
there are, it is invariable |
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essere
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to be
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famoso,
famosa |
famous
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fra
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between
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grande
grandi |
big,
large, wide, great note: since the adj ends in e it agrees only in number |
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i numeri ordinali
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1. ordinal numbers
2. are adjectives that agree in gender and order 3. precede the noun unless referring to popes and royalty |
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i pronomi come soggeto del verbo
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1. subject pronouns;
2. often omitted since the subj is indicated by the verb ending; 3. used for emphasis to avoid ambiguities |
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il dottore
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male doctor or
a man with a college degree |
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il fiore
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flower
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il giardino
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garden
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il nome
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noun,
name |
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il poeta
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poet,
many words based on Greek end in a but are masculine (probably because they're based on foreign words) |
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il professore
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male professor
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il ragazzo
la ragazza i ragazzi le ragazze |
boy
girl boys girls |
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il traffico
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traffic
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il turista
la turista |
male tourist,
female tourist |
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il verbo
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verb
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in
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in
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in centro
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downtown
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indefinite articles - fem
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1. una - before any consonant
2. un' - before a vowel |
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indefinite articles - masc
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1. un - before a consonant
2. un - before a vowel 3. uno - before z 4. uno - before s + consonant |
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intelligente
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intelligent
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io
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I
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italiano
italiana italiani italiane |
Italian,
note it is not capitalized |
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l'affresco
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fresco
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l'albero
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tree
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l'amica
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friend (fem)
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l'amico
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friend (masc)
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l'animale (m)
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animal
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l'articolo determinativo
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definite article;
the, agrees in number and gender with the noun |
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l'articolo indeterminato
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indefinite article;
a, an; usually omitted when the noun indicates a profession, sono dottoressa |
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l'esame
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exam
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l'impiegato
l'impiegata |
male clerk,
female clerk |
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l'informazione
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information
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l'inglese
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English language;
note: it is not capitalized |
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l'Italia
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Italy;
note: it is capitalized |
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L'Ultima Cena
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the Last Supper
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la casa
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house,
home |
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la città
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city,
town |
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la classe
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class
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la conversazione
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conversation
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la dottoressa
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female doctor or woman with a college degree
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la fontana
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fountain
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la lezione
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lesson
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la metropolitana
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subway
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la professoressa
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female professor
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la storia
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history
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le colonne
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columns
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le informazioni
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information
(note: Italians use the plural where we use the singular) |
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Lei
|
you
(formal, singular, male or female used in direct address) |
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lei
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she,
note the lowercase "l" |
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Lei and Loro
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you (sing. / plural)
formal, always capitalized, used among those not well acquainted |
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lo spettacolo
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show (performance)
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lo studio
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study
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lontano
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far
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Loro
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you,
(formal plural used in direct address) |
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loro
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they
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lui
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he
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molto - as an adjective
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many,
agrees in number & gender; molto (m/s) molta (f/s) molti (m/p) molte (f/p), modifies a noun |
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molto - as an adverb
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very,
never changes form, modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb |
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molto bello
molto bella molto belli molto belle |
very beautiful
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molto bene
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very well
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noi
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we
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non c'è
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there is not
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non ci sono
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there are not
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nouns ending in a
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most are fem
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nouns ending in a consonant
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are masc
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nouns ending in e
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can be either masc or fem;
it helps to learn the word with the article because that way you will know if the word is masc or fem |
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nouns ending in ione
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most are fem
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nouns ending in o
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most are masc
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nouns ending in ore
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are masc
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oggi
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today
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ordinal numbers and centuries
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1. they may precede or follow the century
il secolo ventunesimo or il ventunesimo secolo note: Italians refer to this century as the 21st century in the same way we do |
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parla
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he / she speaks;
you speak in formal direct address |
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per
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for
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perchè?
perchè |
why?;
because |
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però
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but
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piccolo
piccola piccoli piccole |
small (adjective)
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plural of nouns ending in a
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-> e
una casa 2 case |
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plural of nouns ending in ca
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change to che
(this preserves the hard c sound) un'amica, 2 amiche |
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plural of nouns ending in e
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-> i
note: both masc and fem nouns ending in e change to i in the plural; the article or adj will tell you if the noun is masc or fem un dottore - 2 dottori una stazione - le stazioni |
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plural of nouns ending in ga
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change to ghe
(this preserves the hard g sound) una riga 2 righe |
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plural of nouns ending in io
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drop the o
(there are some exception that you'll learn later) un negozio 2 negozi |
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plural of nouns ending in o
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-> i
il libro 2 libri |
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plural of nouns that do not change in the plural
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1. nouns ending in accented vowels, la città, le città;
2. nouns ending in a consonant, un bar, 2 bar; 3. nouns that are abbreviated la foto, le foto; note: either the number or the article will tell you if it's sing or plural |
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presente
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present
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primo
prima primi prime |
first
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quando?
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when?
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quarto
quarta quarti quarte |
fourth
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quinto
quinta quinti quinte |
fifth
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reference to animals and things
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it and they are not expressed in Italian
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ringraziare
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to say thanks
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secondo
seconda secondi seconde |
second
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sesto
sesta sesti seste |
sixth
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severo
severa severi severe |
strict
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simpatico
simpatica |
nice
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simpatico
simpatica simpatici simpatice |
nice
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sì
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yes
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sì, c'è
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yes, there is
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stasera
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tonight
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terzo
terza terzi terze |
third
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tu
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you
(familiar, singular) |
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tu and voi
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familiar subject pronouns used to address relatives, close friends, children, and peers (among young people)
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un albergo
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a hotel
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un autobus
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a bus
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un bar
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coffee shop
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un caffè
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coffee
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un castello
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a castle
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un cinema
un cinematografo |
a movie theater
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un edificio
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a building
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un etto,
2 etti, etc. |
= 100 grams
= 3.5 ounces rule of thumb, order 1 etto per person |
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un film
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a film
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un grattacielo
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a skyscraper
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un monumento
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a monument
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un motorino
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moped,
motoscooter |
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un museo
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a museum
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un negozio
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store,
shop |
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un officio postale
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post office
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un ospedale
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a hospital
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un parco,
i parchi |
a park,
parks |
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un ristorante
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a restaurant
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un supermercato
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a supermarket
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un tram
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streetcar
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un treno
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a train
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un turista,
una turista |
a male tourist
a female tourist |
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un ufficio informazioni
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an information office
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un'automobile,
un'auto |
car
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un'università
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a university
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una banca,
le banche |
a bank,
banks |
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una bicicletta
una bici |
bicycle
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una chiesa
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a church
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una farmacia
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a pharmacy
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una fontana
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a fountain
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una macchina
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a car
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una motocicletta,
una moto |
a motorcycle
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una piazza
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a city square,
plaza |
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una scuola
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a school
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una stazione
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a station
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una strada
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a street;
a general term |
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una tigre
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a tiger
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una via
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a street, used before a particular street name
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uno scooter
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motorscooter
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uno stadio
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a stadium
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uno studente
una studentessa |
a male student
a female student |
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uno zoo
|
zoo
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verbs, forming the negative
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"non" is placed before the verb
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verbs, general
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verb endings indicate the person and often the personal pronoun is omitted
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verbs, interrogative
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formed by:
1. changing the intonation and pitch AND 2. placing the subj at the end of the sentence OR 3. leaving the subj at the beginning of the sentence |
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vicino
|
near
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vicino qui
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nearby
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visitano
|
(they) are visiting
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voi
|
you,
(familiar, plural) |
