Ch2 - Mid Term (030915)

Front 1

The Lollard Conclusions alleged that this particular teaching of the church of Rome imposed on the Church of England was in fact promoting Idolatry.

Back 1

That the elements of the Lord's Supper are miraculously turned into the body and blood of Christ.

Front 2

***According to the Instructions issued by Albert of Mainz (titled the Machinery of Indulgence in Bettenson/Maunder) what is NOT emphasized when selling indulgences?

Back 2

Insisting that the individual giving the contribution be sorry for their sins.

Front 3

In Luther's 95 theses, what doctrines does he NOT attack?

Back 3

That believers should confess their sins to parish priests.

Front 4

***"On this I take my stand. I can do no other. God help me Amen." These concluding words of Luther historic defense were given in the common language of German switching from the academic/global language of Latin. This deeply moved many in his audience. This is a quotation from _________________

Back 4

The Diet of Worms

Front 5

***Luther's Short Catechism teaches that, who... _____________ "called me by the Gospel ...illumines, sancitfies and preserves... all Christiandom throughout the earth in the one true faith... and on the last day will awaken me and all the dead and will give to me and all that believes eternal life

Back 5

God the Holy Spirit

Front 6

***The Lutheran Augsburg Confession declares that body and blood of Christ are________________ present in the Lord's Supper.

Back 6

Truly

Front 7

Who did NOT defend the inquisition's use of force against those considered heretics?

Back 7

Erasumus, the humanist scholar

Front 8

Who did defended the inquisition's use of force against those considered heretics?

Back 8

Isabella

Jimenez

Torquemada

Front 9

Factors that helped in the success of the Reformation of Luther's time that were not available or not influential in earlier attempts at reformation included all of these

Back 9

Rise of German nationalism
Humanist movement
The printing press

Front 10

What did NOT help the Reformation of Luther's time that was NOT available or NOT influential in earlier attempts at reformation?

Back 10

Knowledge of Augustine's theology

Front 11

This particularly notorious seller of indulgences played a key role in igniting the controversy which led up to 95 theses and the reformation.

Back 11

Tetzel

Front 12

***This colleague of Luther presented much of the case for reformation at the Leipzig disputation but differed with luther in holding a more symbolic view of the sacraments and wanting to hurry the pace of reformation by taking down images in the church (Gonzalez doesn't mention this but eventually he came to reject infant baptism).

Back 12

Karlstadt

Front 13

***This ruler supported Luther initially out of pride for the renown he was bringing to the University he founded until later he apparently was truly convinced of the Lutheran faith.

Back 13

Elector Fredrick

Front 14

***Luther's view of law and Gospel can be summarized as teaching that __________________

Back 14

Law is the revelation of God's justice, Gospel is the revelation of God's grace.

Front 15

***In his work the Institutes, John Calvin teaches that human depravity is such that _______________

Back 15

Whatever is in humanity including intellect, will, soul and flesh is all defiled.

Front 16

***This proclamation while officially reinstating Roman Catholicism as the religion of all of France allowed unprecedented freedom to the Reformed minority including freedom to continue worshipping everywhere congregations already existed and permission to serve in the government, study at the universities and for individuals to receive financial support if in need.

Back 16

Edict of Nantes

Front 17

***After the conclusion of the 30-year war, the peace of Westphalia stated "Subjects whose religion differ from that of their prince are to have equal rights with the other subjects." The granting of rights was given to the which groups?

Which group was excluded?

Back 17

Included:

- Lutherans,

- Reformed

- Roman Catholics.

Excluded:

- Anabaptists.

Front 18

***In the supremacy act pronounced during the reign of King Henry VIII _______________ was declared to be the Supreme Head of the "Church of England" on earth.

Back 18

the King of England

Front 19

***Thomas Cromwell served under Henry the VIII as his "vice regent" and together with Cranmer the Archbishop of Canterbury were able to promote reformation much further than Henry himself had expected. One concrete reform that was mentioned in the readings which the two were able to implement was what?

Back 19

Providing a copy of the Bible in every parish church in England

Front 20

Queen Elizabeth issued an act against " wicked and dangerous practices of seditious sectaries and disloyal persons." These practices included holding services on their own using styles of worship they felt were looser to the principles of the reformation and the Word of God than the established church which followed he policies. This group was commonly known as who?

Back 20

Puritans

Front 21

***This reformer of Zurich Switzerland is generally considered the first leader of the reformed reformation and is noted for his memorial view of the Sacraments and his struggles against the Anabaptist which eventually resulted in physically persecuting them.

Back 21

Ulrich Zwingli

Front 22

***This fiery preacher is best known as the reformer of Scotland

Back 22

John Knox

Front 23

This ruler became a bigamist

Back 23

Prince Philip of Hesse

Front 24

The Massacre of Stockholm was ______________

Back 24

the murder of Swedish aristocrats who had opposed him by King Christian II

Front 25

***The main defenders of the reformation against the forces of persecution were called Beggars in this land _____________________

Back 25

the Low Countries

Front 26

Explain Sola Scriptura:

Back 26

By Scripture alone
- drove the reformation
- scripture alone vs. apostate view:
- tradition should have zero authority over scripture

Front 27

What are the nuances of Sola Scriptura in regards to keeping tradition?

Back 27

Lutheran: keep tradition unless against scripture

Reformed: only keep traditions if they are founded on scripture

Anabaptist: only keep traditions if founded in the NT, especially the sermon on the mount

Front 28

Explain Sola Fide.

Back 28

By Faith alone

- Justification by Faith Alone vs. the Apostate of view:

- Justification by Faith and Works

- F = J+W (correct)

- Roman Catholic F+W = J (incorrect)

Front 29

What are nuances of Sola Fide?

Back 29

Melanchthon: Saving faith cannot be alone vs Antinomianism/Lawlessness

Luther: The point on which the church falls

Calvin: The hinge of reformation

Front 30

Explain Sola Gratia:

Back 30

By Grace alone:

- Salvation is entirely of God, faith itself is a gift vs. Grace and the “will of man"

- HS -> F -> J+W

- God alone NOT God + Sampaga

Front 31

What are the nuances of Sola Gratia?

Back 31

- HS -> F -> J+W

- Luther and Calvin united on this

- sacramental theology undercut Luther’s view from later Lutheranism

Front 32

Explain Solus Christus.

Back 32

By Christ alone

Correct:

* Solus Christus - Christ Alone
* Versus Christ and Mary and the Saints
* Versus Christ and the Pope (the vicar of Christ)
* Vicarious - Christ died for me

Front 33

What are the nuances of Solus Christus?

Back 33

* Vicar of Christ Latin equivalent of anti-Christ one who come in the place of Christ
* Not Christ and SBC or CRC either

Front 34

Explain Solum Ipsum:

Back 34

Solum Ipsum - The individual alone

* A person stands in front of God alone
* Versus Ordained Priest as authority who defines the truth for the flock

Front 35

What are the nuances of Solum Ipsum?

Back 35

* Education as tool not power
* Call no man father

Front 36

Explain Soli Deo Gloria:

Back 36

Soli Deo Gloria - to God alone be the glory

* Versus glory to God and His servants

Front 37

What are the nuances of Soli Deo Gloria?

Back 37

* Whether you eat or drink - do all for God
* Even if it is a part time calling

Front 38

Name some of the forerunners of the Reformation:

Back 38

Wycliffe - brought Bible into vernacular

Jan Hus - rector of the University of Prague

Savonarola - Monk who transformed Florence, God's hammer

Front 39

What is God's Kairos?

Back 39

God's appointed time, perfect timing:

- Gutenberg's printing press

- Rise of Germany

- Erasmus, humanist movement & Biblical languages

Front 40

What is the 95 Thesis?

Back 40

Examples of what was not Biblical

Front 41

Who is Ulrich Zwingli?

Back 41

* was parish priest
* opposed to mercenary trade
* Zwingli won over the councils by debate
* Reacted strongly of sacraments and superstitions
* Humanist emphasis on the original languages led him back to discover the gospel in preaching
* Was against indulgences

Front 42

What do the Anabaptist believe?

Back 42

* Are strictly NT
* Pacifist (against war/conflict)

Front 43

Who was John Calvin's wife?

Back 43

Idelette

Front 44

When Calvin returned to Geneva for the second time, what did John Knox call Calvin's teachings?

Back 44

The purest school of Christ since the Apostles

Front 45

What was Calvin's Theology and Impact?

Back 45

- Predestinarianism systematized

- 3 marks of the church:

* Right administration of the sacraments

Front 46

Who is Margaret of Angouleme?

Back 46

- Francis II's sister

- Scholarly woman

- Supported the reform movement

- Offered sanctuary to French Protestant exiles

Front 47

What queen was a reformist?

Back 47

Queen Isabella

Front 48

What was Jimenez's two most significant contributions?

Back 48

1. Founding of the University of Alcala

2. Publication of the Complutesian Polyglot.

Front 49

What is the Complutesian Polyglot?

Back 49

Hebrew, Greek, and Latin appeared in parallel columns.

Front 50

Who is John Eck?

Back 50

- Theologian that opposed Luther and Karlstadt at Leipzig.

- Also published his own German translation of the Bible.

Front 51

***Where did the quote, "Fear not, for I shall be to you like an open book," come from?

Back 51

Teresa had a vision which Jesus told her this during the time when the Inquisition published a list of forbidden books that included most of her favorites.

Front 52

***Who was referenced here when Teresa said this, "Lord, I asked you for a monk and you sent me half of one."

Back 52

John of the Cross who was very short.

Close friends.

Front 53

***Who is Ignatius Loyola?

Back 53

Founder of the Jesuits (AKA Society of Jesus).

Like Luther, was so fearful that he did not confess everything.

Unlike Luther, he went on to service of the church and its mission.

Most influential leader of the Catholic Reformation

Front 54

***What came out of the Council of Trent?

Back 54

- Known as the 19th ecumenical council by the RCC

- Regulated relics and indulgences

- Promoted study of Thomas Aquinas

- Declared that the Vulgate would be authority parallel to that of Scripture

Front 55

***What are some other things that come form the Council of Trent?

Back 55

- There are 7 sacraments

- Mass is true sacrifice offered to the deceased

- Wine is not necessary

- Justification is based on good works done in collaboration between grace and the believer.

- Marked the birth of the modern Catholic Church

Front 56

***Who was Jan Laski (AKA Johannes Lasco)?

Back 56

He translated Bible into Polish.

Front 57

What did the Racovian Catechism defend.

Back 57

Uniterianism.

Socinius Faustus and Lalius didn't believe in the Trinity.

Front 58

***What is the most Catholic nation in Europe in the 20th century?

Back 58

Poland

Front 59

***In Gonzalez what 4 countries did he use as examples of Protestantism being spread?

Back 59

Spain, Italy, Hungary & Poland

Front 60

***According to Dr. Gerstner what statement summarizes the chief significance of the reformation?

Back 60

A resurrection of the Gospel and a return of the Lordship of Christ to the visible church.

Front 61

***Name the Solas:

Back 61

1) Sola Scriptura.

2) Sola Fide.

3) Sola Gratia.

4) Solus Christus.

5) Solum Ipsum.

6) Soli Deo Gloria.