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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chronic airflow limitation, destruction of alveoli, alveolar walls, non-reversible
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COPD
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Pt PW:
anorexia well-defined accessory resp ms, barrel-shaped chest, flat diaphragm BS: decreased, crackles, wheezes RR: increased at rest |
COPD
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cor pulmonale
-when present? -what is it? |
hypertrophy of right ventricle-overworking to pump blood into lungs.
present in COPD |
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chronic bronchitis=
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inflammation of bronchi for 3 mos over 2 consecutive years
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emphysema:
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destruction of air spaces at ends of terminal bronchioles, resulting in changes in alveoli and reduction in their numbers.
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COPD =
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chronic bronchitis+ emphysema
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chest tightness
weight loss anorexia hemoptysis chest wall changes clubbing cyanosis postures BS decreased BS crackles BS wheezes increased RR at rest prolonged exhalation w/pursed lips |
COPD
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COPD trends compared to normal:
TLC: FRC (ERV + RV) RV VC FEV1 FEV1/FVC |
TLC incr
FRC: incr RV-incr VC-usually decreases FEV1 decreases FEV1/FVC decreases |
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treatment for COPD:
-medication |
anticholinergic (bronchodilator by mimicking parasympathetic NS), antibiotics, rescue drug for breakthrough symptoms, supplemental O2
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treatment of COPD:
removal of exposure: |
smoking cessation
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treatment of copd
secretion removal: |
Active Cycle Breathing/flutter/PEP
manual techniques |
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treatment of copd:
breathing exercises: |
pacing techniques, IMT
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treatment of copd:
aerobic conditioning |
mode, intensity, duration, frequency
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a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with respiratory disturbance (most severe), pancreatic insufficiency, and GI disturbance. diagnosed by sweat test
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CF
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medication for CF:
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antibiotics, mucolytics, rescue drugs, pancreatic enzyme replacements, supp o2
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Pt PW:
resp disturbance, frequent resp infections increased RR, effort, prolonged exh. meconium ileus failure to thrive fatty stools glucose intolerance flat diaphragm, cor pulmonale Disease present in entire lung |
CF
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chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways:
eosinophilic inflammation chronically present. increased reactivity of the trachea and bronchi to various stimuli (incl. dust, mold, perfume, animal dander, cold, URI) |
asthma
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bronchial smooth muscle constriction + increased airway secretion + airway inflammation
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asthma
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patient PW:
wheezing breathlessness chest tightness cough particularly at night and early morning particularly in response to antigen reversible in nature (measure per PFTs) |
asthma
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physical findings include:
BS: adventitious, decreased HR incr RR incr accessory ms use Pa02 decr paCo2: decr then incr |
asthma
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asthma tx:
medication |
rescue meds
inhaled steroids for stage 2+ long acting b2 for stage 3+ use of stabilizing drug for EIB step 4: inhaled steroid, long acting beta 2 and leukotriene |
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asthma tx:
secretion removal techniques: |
autogenic drainage
ACBT DO NOT AVOID PHYSICAL ACTIVITY |
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bronchiectasis
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bronchi have abnormal dilation: action of cilia decreased; aren't able to mobilize secretions out of bronchi
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tx of bronchiectasis
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secretion removal:
flutter/acapella, PEP, ACBT, autogenic, manual techniques |
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caused by loss of heat, water, or both from lungs from hyperventilation of cooler drier air during exercise
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EIB
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lung immaturity, alveolar collapse, surfactant deficiency
grunting, nasal flaring, xray: ground glass appearance |
Respiratory distress syndrome
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results from intervention of RDS (ventilation support, etc)
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bronchopulmonary dysplasia
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lung tissue fibrosed down; don't have same respiratory capacity.
pt pw: crackles, dry cough, decr excursion, decr o2 |
restrictive parenchymal disease
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PT intervention for restr parenchymal disease:
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support o2 needs during exercise
IMT energy saving techniques rote breathing ex for times of distress |
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restrictive disease, resp ms don't work
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ALS
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