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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sex and sperm/egg cell (gamate) |
Haploid |
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Autosome |
All other chromosomes that do not establish sex |
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Sex chromosomes |
Last chromosome that establishes sex (x and y) |
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Somatic cell (body) |
Diploid |
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Prokaryotic |
Do not have a nucleus, (bacteria) one circular chromosome |
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Eukaryotic |
Does have a nucleus (animals etc) multiple x-shaped chromosomes |
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Oogenesis |
When females release one large ovum and three polar bodies in meosis |
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Meoisis |
-sex cells (gamate) (n) - 1 to 4 cells -Genetic variation |
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Mitosis |
-somatic cells (2n) 1 to 2 cells Genetically identical |
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Interphase |
Time gap following cell division, longest phase, what most cells are in |
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Order of interphase |
G1 S G2 |
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G1 |
Growth stage, cells grow to a mature size |
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S |
Replication, DNA is copied |
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G2 |
2nd growth stage, cell prepares to divide |
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Karyokinesis |
Division of nucleus |
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Order of mitosis |
Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase |
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Prophase |
Nuclear membrane dissolves, DNA coils and super coils around histones forming chromosomes, sounds fibers, centrioles, asters form |
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Metaphase |
Chromosomes move toward equator |
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Anaphase |
Chromatids move towards poles |
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Telophase |
Nuclear membrane forms, DNA uncoils to chromatin, spindle fibers, centrioles, asters dissolve |
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Cytokenesis |
Division of cytoplasm |
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Point of cytokenesis in plant cells |
Cell plate |
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Point of cytokenesis in animal cells |
Cleavage furrow |
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Half a chromosome |
Chromatid |
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Histone |
Protein that DNA in a eukaryotic cells wraps around, helps pack DNA and maintain shape |
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Kinetochore |
Proteins bind to centromere and attach chromosomes to spindle in mitosis |
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Karyotype |
Photomicrograph of 22 autosomes and 23rd sex chromosome |
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Coiled form of DNA |
Chromosome |
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Uncoiled DNA |
Chromatin |
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Centrioles |
Make spindle fibers , cylindrical appear in prophase |
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Diploid |
2n (somatic) |
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Haploid |
(n) sperm and egg cells |
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Asexual reproduction |
Mitosis |
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Sexual reproduction |
Meiosis |
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Centromere |
Hold chromatids together |
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Homologues |
Same shape, size, carry genes for the same trait |
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Homologues |
Same shape, size, carry genes for the same trait |
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G0 |
Mature cells exit cell cycle |
