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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1 CHROMOSOME= 1____________ |
DNA MOLECULE WRAPPED AROUND PROTEINS |
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HISTONES |
HELP MAINTAIN SHAPE, AID IN THE PACKING OF DNA |
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NONHISTONES |
DON'T AID IN THE PACKING OF DNA, CONTROL THE ACTIVITY OF SPECIFIC REGIONS OF DNA, EX; AID IN THE TURNING ON/OFF GENES |
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1 CHROMOSOME= 2____________ |
IDENTICAL SISTER CHROMATIDS |
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CENTROMERE |
THE CENTROMERE IS THE PART OF A CHROMOSOME THAT LINKS SISTER CHROMATIDS |
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HOW MANY GENES ARE ON 1 CHROMOSOME |
MANY, PERHAPS 1000'S OF GENES ON ANY 1 CHROMOSOME
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WHAT IS A GENE? |
SEGMENT OF DNA THAT CODES FOR A TRAIT |
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CHROMOSOME NUMBER HAS_______TO DO WITH THE_________OF ORGANISMS OR____________ OF SPECIES |
NOTHING, COMPLEXITY, RELATEDNESS |
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CHROMOSOMES CAN EITHER BE____________OR___________. |
SEX CHROMOSOMES, OR AUTOSOMES |
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DETERMINE THE SEX OF AN ORGANISM |
SEX CHROMOSOME |
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X OR Y |
SEX CHROMOSOME |
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FEMALES-XX MALES-XY |
SEX CHROMOSOME |
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TOTAL OF 2 OF THESE IN NORMAL BODY CELLS |
SEX CHROMOSOME |
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FOUND IN EVERY CELL OF THE BODY |
SEX CHROMOSOME |
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ALL OTHER CHROMOSOMES THAT AREN'T SEX CHROMOSOMES |
AUTOSOME |
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TOTAL OF 44 OF THESE IN NORMAL BODY CELLS |
AUTOSOME |
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FOUND IN EVERY CELL OF THE BODY |
AUTOSOME |
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HOW DO CHROMOSOMES OCCUR IN ORGANISMS? |
THEY OCCUR IN PAIRS, ONE OF EACH PAIR FROM EACH PARENT |
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HOMOLOGOUS |
A couple of homologous chromosomes is a set of one maternal chromosome and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during meiosis. |
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WHAT CAN BE DIFFERENT ABOUT HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES? |
DIFFERENT TRAITS |
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DIPLOID |
2N, HAVE ALL THE CHROMOSOMES FOR THAT ORGANISM |
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WHAT IS THE DIPLOID NUMBER FOR HUMANS? |
46 |
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ALL NORMAL BODY CELLS (______CELLS) HAVE THE DIPLOID NUMBER |
SOMATIC CELLS |
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HAPLOID |
N, HAVE 1/2 THE TOTAL CHROMOSOME NUMBER |
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WHAT IS THE HAPLOID NUMBER FOR HUMANS? |
23 |
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ALL SEX CELLS (_______) HAVE THE HAPLOID NUMBER OF CHROMOSOMES |
GAMETES |
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IS DIPLOID FORMED BY MEIOSIS OR MITOSIS? |
MITOSIS |
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IS HAPLOID FORMED BY MEIOSIS OR MITOSIS? |
MEIOSIS |
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WHAT IS KARYOTYPING? |
PHOTOMICROGRAPH OF CHROMOSOMES IN A DIVIDING CELL, MADE FROM A SAMPLE OF A PERSON'S BLOOD, OR AMNIOCENTESIS |
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CHROMOSOMES ARE CUT OUT |
STEP 1 |
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PAIR LIKE CHROMOSOMES (FIND HOMOLOGOUS PAIRS) |
STEP 2 |
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ARRANGED IN DECREASING ORDER BY SIZE |
STEP 3
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NUMBER EACH PAIR |
STEP 4 |
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SEX CHROMOSOMES ARE PLACED AT THE END |
STEP 5 |
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WHAT CAN YOU LEARN FROM A KARYOTYPE? |
SEX OF ORGANISM, AND SOME GENETIC DISORDERS |
