Christianty And Islam

Front 1

Jesus of Nazareth

Back 1

Jesus was the Messiah in Christianity who intended to change Judaism and his examples led his disciples to create Christianity. Jesus is supposedly a direct descended from King David. He was crucified by the Roman Empire. His significance was that he was the Son of God and the Messiah.

Front 2

Gospels

Back 2

The Gospels are what describe the life and teachings of Jesus the writings in the New Testament. The significance is that they explain the teachings of Jesus and the ethics and morals of Christianity.

Front 3

Matthew, Mark, and Luke

Back 3

They are three of the four authors of the Gospels. They shared similar perspectives about the life of Jesus and his teachings. Their significance is that they’re the key people in teaching Christians about Jesus and what he taught.

Front 4

John

Back 4

John is the fourth author of the gospels who’s view on Jesus’ life differs greatly from the other three. His significance is that he gives a different view on the life and teachings of Jesus.

Front 5

Paul

Back 5

Paul ended up becoming one of the most important people in Christianity by building many churches and he wrote 13 of the 27 books in the New Testament. He claimed to meet Jesus through a vision, which caused him to spread Jesus’ word. Told him about Judgement Day. He is also an apostle and a Saint. His significance is that he was key in the spread of Christianity. A Jew who converted to Christianity.

Front 6

John the Baptist

Back 6

John the Baptist was a relative of Jesus and baptized him. He made a prophecy that Jesus would be even greater than himself. His significance is that he was an important figure in Christianity who helped Jesus in major parts of his life such as baptizing him as a child.

Front 7

Mary and Joseph

Back 7

They are the parents of Jesus. Mary is also known as Virgin Mary. Joseph is supposed to be directly descended from King David. Their significance is that they are the parents of Jesus and explain the unexplainable of Christianity by Jesus’ mother supposedly being a virgin.

Front 8

Sermon on the Mount

Back 8

This is the teaching Jesus gives where he describes Christianity’s code of ethics. This code of ethics is very closely related to Judaism except that opposite Judaism, it preaches Creed before Deed. Its significance is that it’s the Christian code of ethics.

Front 9

Bethlehem

Back 9

Bethlehem is the bibical birthplace of Jesus and is a holy city in Christianity.

Front 10

Nazareth

Back 10

Nazareth is where Jesus historically grew up as a child, hence the name Jesus of Nazareth.

Front 11

Jerusalem

Back 11

Jerusalem is the city where the great temple is located. At the second temple where Jesus was preaching he caused trouble and was sentenced to death by crucifixion by Pontius Pilate, who didn’t believe Jesus was guilty but was persuaded by prominent Jews who requested the death of Jesus.

Front 12

Galilee

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Galilee is know to be the home of Jesus for about 30 years of his life. While in Galilee, he became known for miracles when he cured a blind man. Where Jesus mainly preached.

Front 13

Pontius Pilate

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The man who sentenced Jesus to Death. It is written in the Gospels that he believed that Jesus was innocent but that important Jewish figures requested that Jesus be crucified, which he agreed to.

Front 14

Resurrection

Back 14

Jesus came back to life on the third day after his death and is found by his followers. Over the next 40 days he visited many of his followers before going to heaven/ascension.

Front 15

Five Pillars

Back 15

The basic obligations individual Muslims observe:
1: Shahadah- "There is no god but God and Muhammad is his prophet."
2: Salat: pray five times a day facing Mecca
3: Zakat: almsgiving; 2.5% of wealty donated for the poor
4: Sawm: ritual fasting during the month of Ramadan
5: Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca required of every able-bodied Muslim at least once in his/her lifetime

Front 16

Qur'an

Back 16

Means "reading," "recitation"; Muslim scripture. The direct revelation of the word of God. Has great spiritual and ethical value, in Arabic. No pictures or image of God because God is not a "thing". Written so God's original message could be obtained.

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Ramadan

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The month during which devout Muslims do not eat or drink between sunrise and sunset. The fast celebrates the month in which the Prophet received the Qur'an.

Front 18

Medina

Back 18

The city of the prophet and his burial site, second holiest Islamic city. Muhammad fled to Medina when he heard of rumured plots of his assassination.

Front 19

Ka'abah

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Literally means, "cube"; the central shrine of Islam, located in the Grand Mosque of Mecca. It symbolizes the center of the world and is visited by Muslims on the hajj. Circling the Ka'abah 7 times to destroy idols of Gods

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Hajj

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Pilgrimage each Muslim is supposed to make once in a lifetime to the shrines in and around Mecca.

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Hijrah

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Literally means, "migration"; the migration of Muhammad and his disciples from Mecca to Medina in 622 C.E. to escape persecution.

Front 22

Khadija

Back 22

Muhammad's wife and the first to accept his teaching.

Front 23

Islam

Back 23

Major beliefs include pray together and that Muslims are bonded by fate, not blood. Able to expand at such a high speed because it preached egalitarianism.

Front 24

Muslim

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Literally means, "submitter" (one who submits to the will of God); one becomes a Muslim by utterance of the Shahadah: "There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet."

Front 25

Muhammad

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Born in 570 AD, parents died when his was six, the trusted on, since he was an orphan he was a child of everyone, settled disputes in the communities, follower of egalitarianism because was always left out when talking about ancestors. Attracted Jewish and Arab sages with his teachings. The rich opposed his teachings because it gave the poor power.

Front 26

Mecca

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A great trade center, place of peace rich mix of cultures

Front 27

All Christians believe that Jesus is the Son of God

Back 27

True

Front 28

All Christians believe in a heaven and a hell

Back 28

True

Front 29

All Christians believe that Jesus was crucified, died, and was resurrected 3 days later

Back 29

True

Front 30

All Christians believe that Jesus is the Messiah by the Hebrew scriptures and was sent by God to redeem human beings from the Original Sin commited by Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden

Back 30

True

Front 31

All Christians follow the teachings of the Pope

Back 31

False

Front 32

All Catholics are Christian; some Christians are Catholic

Back 32

True

Front 33

Some Christians believe that in the ritual of the Mass, bread and wine are transformed into the body and blood of Jesus

Back 33

True

Front 34

Christians reject the teachings of the Torah, the Five Books of Moses

Back 34

False

Front 35

Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are conversionary religions

Back 35

False

Front 36

Christians believe that Mary, the mother of Jesus, was a virgin when she conceived

Back 36

True

Front 37

According to Muslims, Muhammad invented Islam

Back 37

True

Front 38

Muhammad wrote the Qur'an

Back 38

False

Front 39

According to Islamic beliefs, the archangel Gabriel revealed the word of Allah to Muhammad

Back 39

True

Front 40

Muhammad's experiences as an orphan may have influenced his teachings that emphasize equality for all

Back 40

True

Front 41

Muhammad fled to Yathrib in the Hijrah because he feared for his life

Back 41

True

Front 42

Islam was a means of uniting the Bedouin tribes of the Arabian peninsula

Back 42

True

Front 43

Within 50 years of the death of Muhammad, Islam had conquered all of the Sassanid Empire (Persia) and 2/3 of the Byzantine Empire

Back 43

True

Front 44

The fact that Muhammad did not appoint a successsor led, in part, to the disagreement between Sunnis and Shi'ites

Back 44

True

Front 45

The Muslim Empire was able to expand explosively because of it's strong army and egalitarian beliefs

Back 45

True

Front 46

When Muslims conquered an area, they executed all non-Muslims

Back 46

False

Front 47

Jews, Christians, and Muslims all worship the same God

Back 47

True

Front 48

Muslims consider Jews and Christians to be "People of the Book" because they received partial revelation from God

Back 48

True

Front 49

"Muslim" means "one who has submitted to the Will of Allah"

Back 49

True

Front 50

Muslims believe that visual representations of Allah and Muhammad should not be created

Back 50

True

Front 51

Acording to Islamic belief, Abraham built the Ka'aba

Back 51

True

Front 52

Muslims consider Moses and Jesus to be important prophets

Back 52

True

Front 53

Muslims do not believe in eternal damnation of punishment of sins

Back 53

False

Front 54

Observant Muslims must pray five times a day

Back 54

True

Front 55

Praying in a Mosque reinforces the concept of a unified religious community- the umma

Back 55

True

Front 56

Muslims pray facing Mecca because it is the "City of the Prophet" and the birthplace of Muhammad

Back 56

False

Front 57

Muhammad is similar to Jesus because both are considered divine

Back 57

False

Front 58

According to Islamic belief, Abraham built the Ka'aba

Back 58

True

Front 59

How does Islam explain the unexplainable and provide a code of ethics? Consider the central role played by the Qur’an as the “standing miracle” and the Five Pillars.

Back 59

Islam explains the unexplainable by way of the supremacy of God. He is the One, all knowing, all encompassing, nothing is beyond His reach. For example, He gave an illiterate orphan (Muhammed) the power to record the Qur'an, the greatest and truest book on the planet.
Islam has a Code of Ethics called the 5 Pillars: One must submit to the one and only god, and Muhammed is his prophet. Pray 5 times a day in the direction of the Ka'aba in Mecca. If you are able to, give alms to those who need them. Fast during Ramadan. Make a pilgrimmage to Mecca during the Islamic month of Dhu Al Hijajj.

Front 60

How does the Muslim ethical system compare to other ethical systems we have studied this year?

Back 60

The 5 Pillars are very unique as a code of ethics we've studied this year. For one, it is very brief and straightforward, it takes you step by step on approaching life. Many other religions' code of ethics are long,with hundreds of rules (Laws of Manu). The 5 pillars are 5 rules, that specifically tell one what a good Muslim is supposed to do.
Also it doesn't include anything about righteousness. All the religions, from Hinduism to Christianity, have included something about righteousnesss. But in here it's absent.

Front 61

Why do Muslims consider Jews and Christians “Peoples of the Book”? What role has this principle played in establishing dar al-islam.

Back 61

Islamic people consider the other great monotheistic religions "People of the Book" because they base at least some of their religion on parts of the Qur'am- the 100% true book of God.
Because of their use of sections of the Qar'an, the holy places of Judaism and Christianity (Jerusalem) are considered part of Dar Al Islam, places where Muslims are allowed to practice freely.
Jews and Christians had the right ideas but didn't follow through

Front 62

What are the Qur'anic foundations for the concept of jihad? How is it connected to how Islam explains the unexplainable?

Back 62

Jihad is "universally understood warfare on behalf of Islam". All is acceptable in Jihad; the ends justify the means.
This ties into the supremacy of God that Islam's unexplainable theories are based on. If Allah is the one true God, than anything is acceptable for His sake.

Front 63

How does Christianity explain the unexplainable? Consider how God is defined in Christianity and what the goal of existence is.

Back 63

Christianity explains the unexplainable by way of Gods supremacy and power. In the Bible, God created the Earth, sea and heavens, just as in the Old Testament.
God, since we are created in his image, takes on many roles that humans do, only on a divine scale. Common roles of his are: judge, jury, executioner, creator, and destroyer.
The Christian goal of existence is to be righteous, seek forgiveness for sins, repent, go to heaven.

Front 64

What is the argument about the identity of Jesus presented in each of the canonical gospels?

Back 64

The canonical gospels explain two things about jesus identity
salvation from sin, son of god

Front 65

What is the Christian ethical system as taught by Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount? How does it compare to other ethical systems we have studied this year?

Back 65

Those things are a central concept of Christianity for 2 reasons
The first reason is that Jesus died and suffered for our sins, to open up the kingdom of heaven to mortals and so it is very important event in the Bible.
The second reason is that Jesus can be thought of as the spokesperson for all humanity, and his actions here can be interpreted as the christian cycle: live life, die, come back to life in heaven.

Front 66

Is Christianity a revision or rejection of the Jewish code of ethics?

Back 66

It is definitely a revision of the Jewish code of ethics.
This is because "I am not here to abolish the laws of the prophets, but to fulfill them" Matthew 5:1- 7:27 NRSV
During his Sermon on the Mount, he stated some of the Ten Commandments, and enhanced them. For example, now a Christian can't even take a covetous glimpse at another man's wife, or else it is stoning time.

Front 67

Noah

Back 67

the son of Lamech who named him Noah because he would bring rest from toil on the landwhich God had cursed. Tradition has it that in his five hundreth year he had 3 sons, Shem, Ham and Japheth. When he was six hundred, God sent a flood to destroy all life. But he saw Noah was good, and instructed him to build an ark and gather himself and his family with every type of animal, male and female, to save life from this flood. He died 350 years later.

Front 68

Abraham

Back 68

the founding patriarch of the Israelites. He plays a progenitor role in their Holy Books. In both the Jewish tradition and the Quran, he is refered to as “our father”. Considered the father of Israel and of the Jewish people.

Front 69

Ishmael

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Abraham’s oldest son. Considered as the ancestor of the northern Arab people.

Front 70

Issac

Back 70

Abraham’s other son, wife of Sarah and father of Jacob and Esau. He is one of the three patriarchs of the Jewish people. He died when he was 180 years old. Described in the Qur’an as the father of the Israelites.

Front 71

Moses

Back 71

a religious leader, and the most important prophet in Judaism. Born in a time when his people, the Children of Israel, were increasing in number and the Egyptian Pharaoh was worried that they might help Egypt’s enemies. His mother hid him when all newborn Hebrew boys were to be killed. He ended up being adopted into the Egyptian royal family. After killing an Egyptian Slave master, he fled across the Red Sea to Midian. After the Ten Plagues were unleashed on Egypt, he led The Exodus of the Hebrew people out of Egypt and across the Red Sea, after which they based themselves at Mount Sinai and compassed the borders of Edom. He then received the Ten Commandments.

Front 72

Ten Commandments

Back 72

A code of ethics in Judaism. They are: 1. I am the Lord your God 2. You shall have no other gods before me. 3. You should not make for yourself an idol. 4. You shall not make wrongful use of the name of your god. 5. Remember the Sabbath and keep it holy. 6. You shall not murder 7. You shall not commit adultery. 8. You shall
not steal. 8. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor. 9. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife. 10. You shall not covet anything that belongs to your neighborCovenant – Is essentially a Contract With God. This is significant in Judaism because Abraham made a covenant with god, where god would make Abraham a great nation. When Abraham died this covenant passed onto his son, Issac

Front 73

Torah

Back 73

Is the most holy scripture in Judaism. Contains five books, Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. It is the first of three parts in the Hebrew Bible.