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94 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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define Henotheism
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A polytheistic system in which one god is worshipped as superior to all other gods
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define Dualism
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The belief that there are 2 eternal conflicting principles of good (e.g. god) and evil (e.g. Satan). Usually, though not necessarily, dualism believes the principle of god (or the "good" god) will prevail.
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Monism
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the belief that al reality is reducible to or extends from one principle... early greeks reduced everything to earth, air fire or water.
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Pantheism
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A monistic religion that says all is God--(e.g. Hinduism)
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Panentheism
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belief of "Process Theology" that there is one God who is greater than the universe, but so immanent that exists in and through it. This makes God interdependent with the universe.
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Is the Ontological argument A priori or A posteriori?
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A priori- a rational argument that argues directly for the existence of God.
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Are the Teleological, Cosmological and Anthropological arguments A priori or A posteriori?
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A posteriori-arguments that draw inferences from sense experience and data of the world to conclude there is a God.
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The argument for a vast, infinite and powerful agent (God) based on the existence of a vast universe.
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Cosmological
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An argument for God from design (the watchmaker example)
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Teleological
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An argument for God from human nature
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Anthropological
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Aselm's "necessary being" argument is an example of an ____________ arguement for the existence of God.
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Ontological
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What are the 3 steps to the Ontological argument?
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1-God is a being "than which none greater can be conceived"
2-To be the greatest being he must necessarily exist 3-Therefore God exists |
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A contemporary movement of theologians who teach that God is dipolar, or has two natures, and that He is integrally involved in the endless process of the world.
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Process Theology
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3 major divisions to Christology
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1-Deity
2-humanity 3-personhood |
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5 major scriptural evidences for deity of Christ
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1. Explicit scriptural claims to Christ's deity.
2. Divine names given to Christ. 3. Divine attributes possessed by Christ. 4. Divine works performed by Christ. 5. Worship received by Christ. |
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Two major ideas of Christ's intersecting with humanity
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virgin conception-Is 7 passage
Gethsemene prayer |
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define hypostatic union
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Jesus is fully divine and fully human
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kenosis passage
Scripture Reference |
Phil. 2:5-11
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how does the kenosis passage show that Christ did not put his own interest first?
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chronology of Christ which shows he went to the cross, even though he was equal to God
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Calls the atheist a fool.
Scripture Reference |
Ps 14:1
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God explains the meaning of his name, Yahweh.
Scripture Reference |
Ex 3:14-20
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at the burning bush
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The immutability of God.
Scripture Reference |
Nu 23:19
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Balaam's Oracles
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God is spirit.
Scripture Reference |
Jn 4:24
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To Moses, God “repents” of what He threatened to do.
Scripture Reference |
Ex 32:19
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right after the golden calf
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"Hear, O Israel, the LORD our God is one."
Scripture Reference |
Dt 6:4
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right after second listing of 10 commandments
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Clearest O.T. reference to the Trinity.
Scripture Reference |
Is 48:16
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N.T. reference to the three persons of the Trinity as equal yet distinct.
Scripture Reference |
Mt 28:19
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baptismal formula of Great commission
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O.T. passage for Christ's preexistence.
Scripture Reference |
Is 9:6
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for unto us a child is born...
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Jesus Himself claims to be God.
Scripture Reference |
Mk 14:61-2
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Jesus before the high priest and the Sanhedrin
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Christ accepts worship reserved for God.
Scripture Reference |
Mt 28:9, 17
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Thomas acknowledges Jesus as God.
Scripture Reference |
Jn 20:28
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The O.T. virgin birth prophecy.
Scripture Reference |
Is 7:14
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The Kenosis passage.
Scripture Reference |
Ph 2:5-11
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Christ was “tempted in all points like us yet without sin.”
Scripture Reference |
Heb 4:15
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"The work of determining and studying the oral tradition that lies behind the written forms upon which the Gospels stand."
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Tradition criticism
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"The work of determining and studying the early literary forms from the Gospels themselves in order to separate primitive accounts from added elaborations."
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Form criticism
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"The attempt to determine the sources used to compose the gospel accounts and the interdependency of the Gospels on those sources."
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Source criticism
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"The work of determining the unique way in which each Gospel writer used his sources, which sources he used, and for what theological purpose."
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Redaction criticism
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A contemporary view of God that emphasizes His relationship with the world is "open-ended" or "unforced, thus making the future "open-ended", or contingent upon human freedom
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Open Theism
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Libertarian Human freedom is embraced by what kind of theism?
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Arminianism, Molinism, Open Theism, Process Theism
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What kind of theology believes that they have solved the problem of evil?
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Open Theism
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use scripture showing that God changes His mind, "repents" of His earlier choices, allows evil, in order to support their theological view
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Open Theism
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God is distinct from His creation, existing above, and independent of it.
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Transcendant
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God draws close to His creation, intervening and interacting with His creation.
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Immanence
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6 major categories of the Incommunicable attributes of the One personal Triune Spirit (God.)
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1-Immutability
2-Self-existance; living, independent, source of life 3-Intelligence-Omniscient; all wise, all true 4-Morality; Holy, Righteous, Just, goodness, love, mercy and grace, longsuffering 5-Sovereignty; perfect will, omnipotence 6-Infinity; perfection, omnipresence, eternality |
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the attribute some use because they believe that God does not have an emotional response to surrounding conditions.
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Impassability
but Scrip shows God to have emotions of grief, anger, and jealousy |
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Why do we still say God is immutable when He seemed to change his mind in not abandoning and bringing disaster on the Israelites when they built the golden calf?
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because:
a)he behaved consistent with His nature b)the word "repent" may be used as an anthropomorphism- the way Moses percieved God to be acting c)God may have been testing Moses leadership |
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In what ways does scripture say God has limited His power because these things are contrary to his nature?
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He cannot lie
He cannot deny Himself He cannot look on wickedness with favor He cannot be tempted with evil. |
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Wesley talked about the grace that brings a non-believer to the point of decision...what is this called?
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Common Grace-It applies to everyone, might help us think about things, but it doesn't save. (God's provision of sun, rain, light)
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Wesleyans talk about "prevenient grace" which the Spirit works in convicting of truths of sin, righteousness and judgment. What is another name?
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Convicting (sufficient) grace-applies to more than just those who decide to believe.
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The type of grace which is discriminatory, where the spirit works in the lives of some so they will place their faith in Christ and be saved.
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Efficacious (irresistable) grace...you must have life to make the decision.
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Gnosticism taught______
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that the God of the O.T. was a God of wrath, different from the God of the N.T., a God of love
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Reacting to Gnosticism the early church reacted by stressing the unity of God. This is called ______________/
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Monarchianism
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those who say that Jesus was born human, but God adopted him to be the Christ are called_______________
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Adoptionistic Monarchianists
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Another type of early church belief which says that God is one, and simply revealed Himself in three separate revelations.
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Modalistic Monarchianism
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Tertullian and Origen taught that Jesus was not totally equal with the Father. What was this view called?
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Subordinationism
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Athanasius opposed the view of _______ who taught that Jesus was homoiousias substance of that Father.
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Arian
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remove the "i" from homoiousias and you get a word that means "same". To whose view on the Diety of Christ, and therefore the Trinity, was this word a critical argument.
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Athanasius
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What year was the Council of Nicea?
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325 A.D.
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Whose view was supported at the Council of Nicea?
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Athanasius
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Why did the Eastern Orthodox Church embrace a view of semi-Arianism?
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They believed the Nicean view would lead to a denial of Jesus' distinctiveness. (also- the word used for 'modal' meant "mask' to them.)
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Who were the three Cappadocians?
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Basil, Gregory of Nyssa, Gregory of Nazianaus
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What view was introduced by the 3 Cappadocians?
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hypostasis- distinguishes between "substance" and "person"
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What year was the council of Constantinople?
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381 AD
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Who believed that unless Jesus was fully God we did not have a savior?
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Athanasius
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What year was the Council of Toledo?
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589 AD
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What happened at the Council of Constantinople?
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They formed the Athanasian Creed as the orthodox position of the church.
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What happened at the Council of Toledo?
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The HOly Spirit was incorporated into the trinity, and they added the filoque clause which claims the Holy Spirit proceeds from the son as well as the father.
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what is the filioque clause
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the claim that the Holy spirit proceeds not only from the Father, but from the Son as well. Decided upon at Toledo in 589 AD and eventually split the church.
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What are 5 lines of Biblical evidence for the Trinity
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The Unity of God = Dt. 6:4
The Father is God The Son is God The Spirit is God all 3 associated, yet = & codistinct-present at Jesus baptism, all mentioned in Mt 28:19; the apostolic benediction, many other mentions by Paul, Peter, and John |
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How do Jehovah's witnesses argue John 1
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they translate it ..they Word was "a" God.
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What is the correct use of "firstborn" in Col. 1?
1. the first child born 2.holding a place of pre-eminence or honor |
2
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If God limits HIs _______________ then it disappears.
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Immutability
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The belief that Christ gave up his omniscience and omnipresence is called __________.
How does this differ from the traditional view? |
Kenosis
Traditionalists believe that Jesus only chose not to use some of his attributes. |
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"The union of the divine and human natures of Christ into one person forever; thus forming a theanthropic person."
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The Hypostatic Union
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Define "theanthropic"
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God-Man
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What is the most widely held view refuting the resurrection of Christ?
What is wrong with this view? |
The swoon Theory
-Crucifixion was severe -Roman soldiers were professionals -how did a half dead man get out of the graveclothes, move the stone, walk 7 miles and appear to so many eyewitnesses --what happened to his body then? |
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How can we refute the view that the disciples stole Jesus body?
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-They were afraid-where did they get the nerve to overcome the guards and break the seal
-they too were skeptics -why leave the graveclothes? -how can we explain their change in attitude and boldness? |
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Is it possible that the Jews or the Romans stole the body of Jesus?
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neither had a motive. If the Jews had taken it, they would have produced his body to disprove the reserruction once and for all.
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Is it possible that the disciples wanted so badly to believe that Jesus had not died that they experienced a sort of "mass hallucination"?
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No-they were skeptical already, and thought he was dead; he appeared not once but repeatedly, to many individuals (1,2,10, 11 and over 500); they would have to hallucinate an empty tomb also; and finally- strong, multi-sensory hallucinations are impossible according to modern science.
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Could the disciples have gone to the wrong tomb?
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Not likely- that would mean that the soldiers, Joseph of Arimathaea, the Pharisees, and the angels ALL would have gone to the wrong tomb.
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Did Mary and the disciples see the wrong man?
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Who was he then? why the nail prints, what about his other appearances?
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Could Joseph of Arimathaea have conspired to remove the body of Jesus?
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why?
would he be so cruel as to allow the disciples and many other martyrs to go to their deaths for a lie? how could he keep that secret until his death? |
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What were the purposes and necessity of Christ's humanity
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1. to reveal the Father
2. to provide an example of godly living 3. to confirm God's promises 4. the redemption of sinners 5. the judgment f Santan and his angels |
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define "incarnation"
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"in the flesh"
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what ways can we prove the humanity of Christ?
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his human birth-genealogies
human development human nature human names (and descriptions given him) human frailties human appearance human death |
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what rule helps us to correctly translate and thus, interpret Titus 2:13 which says "...our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ"
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Granville Sharp rule
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what rule helps us to correctly translate and thus, interpret the passage in John 1 as "and the Word was God" instead of as "and the Word was a god"
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Colwell rule
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"God's eternal plan, based on the wise and good purpose of His will by which for His Own glory He freely brings about all that will happen."
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The Divine Decree
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what are the 5 philosophic options for explaining why God allows suffering?
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1-its only an illusion (pantheism)
2-evil is eternal (dualism) 3-God is an illusion (atheism) 4-God is finite (process theol., open th.) 5-God is evil |
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what are the 3 theistic solutions to the problem of suffering?
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1-Universal/inclusivist-"peace, love and rock and roll"
2-free will defense 3-greater good defense |
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Evidence for the greater good defense in scripture...
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in judgment for sin
as a warning-against further physical or spiritual harm for personal growth-to strengthen faith and patience to bring glory to God, and vindicate His righteousness before Satan. |
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historic Christology
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Jesus was an historical person
gospels are accurate reflections of his teaching, deeds and person the apostles oversaw the prod. of the gosp records & the church's view they are relable,authoritative accts |
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radical Christology
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Jesus lived but didn't say or do most of the things in the gospels
the gospels were "created" to make a new religion jesus was not the same as what the gospels make him out to be rather the gospels are refined historical documents of what the Church came to believe. |
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