Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
183 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
apostle means
|
"one who is sent" |
|
|
jesus gave the church two things that have enabled it to continue on |
signs and structures |
|
|
the birthday of the church |
pentecost |
|
|
the roots of Christianity go back to |
the stories of the patriarchs |
|
|
what did not happen on pentecost a) the disciples received charisms b) jesus's followers were emboldened to evangelize c) the holy spirit appeared as tongues of fire d) paul experienced a conversion |
d) paul experienced a conversion |
|
|
this council discussed the origin of the holy spirit and addressed the macedonian heresy, which said the holy spirit was created by the son and is subordinate to the father and the son |
constantinople |
|
|
this council declared the doctrine of the hypostatic union |
chalcedon |
|
|
the formal organization of the church, its structure and rules are best explained in this model of the church: |
the church as institution |
|
|
the understanding of the church as a visible, tangible sign of god in the world is explained in this model: |
the church as sacrament |
|
|
the fact that christians are called to proclaim the good news and that the church is called to be jesus messenger here on earth reflects this model: |
the church as herald of god's word |
|
|
the church is called to be at service of all humanity, according to this model; |
the church as servant |
|
|
This claimed that the unknowable, unreachable god couldnt take the form of a human, so jesus is gods greatest creation, but he isnt divine |
arianism |
|
|
pope during the fall of rome who took the title Pontifex Maximus |
St leo the Great |
|
|
he converted after getting freaked out in the catacombs and later spent 23 years in the holy lands, translating the bible |
st jerome |
|
|
he reformed the liturgy and adopted the title servant of the servants of god for the papacy |
st gregory the great |
|
|
this asserted that mary was the mother of jesuss humanity only |
nestorianism |
|
|
after peacefully quelling a riot, crowds in milan urged him to quit being their governor and to become their bishop. he later baptized st augustine |
st ambrose |
|
|
people who believed this early heresy claimed that jesus only appeared to be human, but in actuality was only divine, since they held that the physical world was evil |
gnosticism |
|
|
his mom followed him through italy praying for his conversion |
st augustine |
|
|
this heresy held that sinful priests do not administer valid sacraments |
donastism |
|
|
this pharisee experienced a conversion on his way to arrest christians and was temporily blinded, he later wrote many epistles |
st paul |
|
|
one experience the providence of god when in those times in life when the love of god is especially evident |
T |
|
|
the council of nicea declared the doctrine that jesus is consubstantial with the father |
T |
|
|
the jerusalem council declared that one does not have to become jewish to be a christian and that salvation comes through grace |
T |
|
|
The word martyr literally means one who dies for the faith |
F |
|
|
jesus established the new covanent at the last supper |
T |
|
|
jesus gave simon the name peter after he recognized who jesus really was |
T |
|
|
the church calls rome the see of peter |
T |
|
|
christianity was initially referred to as the way |
T |
|
|
jewish people appreciated the help christians provided in the attempted revolt against rome in AD |
F |
|
|
the council of chalecedon declared the doctrine that jesus is consubstantial with the father |
T |
|
|
How did peter become the first pope? in other words, describe how peter received that authority |
when he recieved the keys of the kingdom. he became the rock of the church and built the churches and spread the good news of christ |
|
|
what are the 4 marks of the church |
one, holy, catholic, apostic |
|
|
an early christian writer said, "the blood of the martyrs is the seed of the church." explain what he meant by that in light of the growth of the early church |
without martyrs dying for their faith, christianity would not have grown as much. people were impressed that the martyrs had so much faith in christianity that they were willing to die for it. |
|
|
explain the doctrine of the hypostatic union |
the doctrine that united jesus as both divine and human |
|
|
he is known as the father of the monastic movement |
st anthoyn of the desert |
|
|
the first monasteries for groups of people was organized by |
st pachomius |
|
|
the word monasticism comes from a greek word meaning |
alone |
|
|
in the 4th century, monasticism became very popular. what was the main goal of those pursuing this lifestyle |
the desire to live a purer lifestyle |
|
|
the man who contributed much to the monastic lifestyle developed a rule which included all of these except: a. getting enough sleep b. having 4 small meals a day c. drinking a little wine d. obedience to an abbot |
b. having 4 small meals a day |
|
|
The council was ordered by constantine to solve the problem of the arian heresy |
nicea |
|
|
this councils purpose was to answer the question: do you have to be jewish in order to be christian? |
jerusalem |
|
|
this council was the first in church history and stated that salvation comes through grace |
jerusalem |
|
|
the fact that we are callled to live as followers of jesus and to adopt his lifestyle is best described as a. the church as the body of christ b. church as institution c. the church as sacrament d. the church as herald of gods word e. the church as a community of disciples |
e. the church as a community of disciples |
|
|
the understanding that we are related to one another as family, and that we depend on one another to embody christ on earth today is reflected in this model: |
The church as the body of christ |
|
|
he blamed the massive fire in rome on christians and began widespread persecutiuons against them in 64 |
nero |
|
|
after his conversion, he began a school of christian philosophy in rome and is one of the first apologist, he was martyed with six of his students |
st justin martyr |
|
|
he wanted to wipe christianity off the face of the earth by not only killing christians, but by destroying their churches and holy books |
diocletian |
|
|
he was crucified upside down because he didnt feel worthy of dying the same way jesus did |
st peter |
|
|
under what circumstances might a person use apologetics |
those who use verbal defense to speak out against heresies. apologists tended to be bishops, martyrs, etc or anyone who undestood the faith and coujld defend it against heresies through their writings, teachins, such as st augustine |
|
|
why is apolostlic succession so important in the catholic church |
it gives direct authority to bishops to pass on the word of god and to appoint other priests/bishops through the laying of the hands. it grants the bishops the right to teach gods work and carry out the sacraments |
|
|
discuss one positive and negative outcome to constantines legalization of christianity |
negative: outcome was that baptism became a fad, so people just wanted to yet baptized & he called christian simply becuz it was a trend. this depletes the meaning of being christian Positive: christians could preach and practice their faith openly without fear of persecution. also the confiscated property of christians was returned to them |
|
|
how did st. austines city of god comfort christians in the aftermath of the fall of rome? |
told christians that they must live in a city of god by staying faithful to their beliefs. the city of god was described all a place of safety & comfort for christians to build on their faith despire the fall of rome |
|
|
the spanish saint was sent by the pope to reason with the Albigensian heretics |
st dominic guzman |
|
|
he is attributed with saying, "preach the gospel always, use words when you must" |
st francis of assisi |
|
|
he wrote the imitation of christ |
thomas a kempis |
|
|
he is a very famous cistercian |
st bernard of clairvaux |
|
|
his dad was a wealthy cloth merchant who wanted his son to follow in his footsteps and took him to court when he didnt |
st francis of assisi |
|
|
his family was among the italian artisocracy, and they kidnapped him so he couldnt become a dominican |
st thomas aquinas |
|
|
she helped plague victims in her town and is known as a great mystic |
st catherine of siena |
|
|
he is one of the most influential popes in church history and started lateran IV council |
innocent III |
|
|
his order of priests and brothers became associated with education and universities |
st dominic guzman |
|
|
she played a huge role in the spanish inquisition |
isabella |
|
|
he moved the papacy from france back to rome |
gregory XI |
|
|
he is considered to be the last of the church fathers and when he joined his religious order, 30 friends and relatives accompanied him |
st bernard of clairvaux |
|
|
the religious order that this man started got the nickname "black friars" because of the black cloaks they wore over their white robes |
st dominic guzman |
|
|
she wrote a letter to the pope, encouraging him to "be a man" and move the papacy from avignon back to rome |
st catherine of siena |
|
|
The babylonian captivity of church refers to when the pope was kidnapped by the french king and forced to live in babylon for a period of time |
F |
|
|
a nave is an assistant to a knight |
F |
|
|
as europes economy improved in the late middle ages, the building of cathedrals flourished and was a way that cities showed their wealth |
T |
|
|
the feast of corpus christi celebrates the kingship of christ |
F |
|
|
the bubonic plague was most likely spread by fleas on shipboard rats |
T |
|
|
the bubonic plague killed 1/3 of the population of europe |
T |
|
|
the great western schism refers to the same thing as the babylonian captivity of the church |
F |
|
|
the conciliar movement intended to strengthen the authority of the pope |
F |
|
|
the conciliar movement encouraged giving power to church councils over the pope |
T |
|
|
st francis had a vision where he heard jesus talking to him as he was praying in front of a crucifix |
T |
|
|
universities were originally connected with cathedrals |
T |
|
|
the cistercian order wanted to revive the original spirit of benedictine monasticism and stressed solitude, manual labor, and poverty |
T |
|
|
Pope Gregory XI gave approval for the franciscans to be recognized as an order |
F |
|
|
thomism is the study of the life of st thomas aquinas |
F |
|
|
st thomas aquinas ideas about theology were widely accepted during his lifetime |
F |
|
|
list two outcomes/teachings of the fourth lateran council |
eliminating simony, ackowledging the 7 sacraments, and recieving eucharist during easter |
|
|
describe one of st francis of assisi's experiences of god speaking to him |
he was praying when god told him to rebuild churches. he took this literally and built new churches. he then realized that god didnt mean that literlaly and took a life of poverty and praeching and teaching gods good news |
|
|
what is one way in which mendicant orders differ from monastic orders |
mendicant orders require donations by charity to survive and live |
|
|
explain two characteristics each for romanesque and gothic cathedrals |
romanesque: thick stocky walls, curved windows gothic: stained glass, flying buttresses, tall height |
|
|
what is one specific way we discussed that the life of medieval university student differed from the life of a modern university student |
the medivel universtiy student have to take oral exams and did not take written notes during lectures, so they really had to listen |
|
|
devotion and reverence toward the eucharist flourished during the middle ages and is evident through what two things and that still exist today? |
feast of corpus christi- feast day after easter, showing reverence to the eucharist eucharistic adoration- showing reverence to the eucharist |
|
|
compare and contrast the causes of the medieval (papal) inquisitions and spanish inquisitions |
medieval inquistions were lead by the church authority, while spanish inquisitions were the king and queen. medieval inquistions cause was the uproar of heresy that they wanted to eliminate, while the spanish inquisitions wanted to convert Jews and Muslims to Catholicism or they had to leave the country |
|
|
this refers to the idea that human reason is the final determinant of truth |
rationalism |
|
|
this is the notion that all knowledge comes from experience- especially sensory experience |
empiricism |
|
|
thomas jefferson and benjamin franklin ascribed to this idea that god is distant and removed from his creation |
diesm |
|
|
people who held this position thought of god as watchmaker |
deism |
|
|
some people who held this philosophy thought that certain christian beliefs were false because they couldnt be proven through human experience |
empiricism |
|
|
he was king of france when the french revolution began |
louis XVI |
|
|
which of the following what NOT a factor leading to the french revolution: a. the third estate(the commoners) had to pay all of the taxes while the upper classes were exempt from taxation b. french philosopher jean jacques rousseau wrote on social contract, which stated that governemnt should be built on the consent of the govered c. people were starting to question the great chain of being, the idea that god had ordained social classes d. the lack of separation between church and state in france |
|
|
|
how did the french revoljution impact the church? |
many priests were killed & church property was confiscated |
|
|
he had th elongest reigning papacy in the history of the church |
pius IX |
|
|
a main issue addressed by vatican I was |
papal infallibility |
|
|
which saint's visions fostered devotions to the sacred heart of jesus? |
st margaret mary alacoque |
|
|
which of the following is NOT true of catholics in the british colonies? a. catholics were welcomed and supported as they moved to this country b. pilgrims persecuted catholics as they moved to this country c. most catholics didnt have an opportunity for formal religious education d. catholics supported the idea of religious freedom |
catholics were welcomed and supported as they moved to this country |
|
|
in the american revolution |
the treatment of catholics began to change for the better and catholics fought in disproportinately high numbers
|
|
|
americas first bishop is known for |
dividing the US into 4 huge dioceses, establishing the first seminary in the US, and being a founding father of georgetown universtity |
|
|
the age of immigrants |
? |
|
|
the age of reason helped to lead the french revolution |
T |
|
|
secularism is the idea that religion should not impact one's public life |
T
|
|
|
the french revolution made the church more open to the idea of revolutions in general |
F |
|
|
papal infallibility means that the pope is incapable of error when speaking officially on issues of faith and morality |
T |
|
|
WASPS stands for weird anglo saxon protestants |
F |
|
|
in the mid eighteenth century, italian immigrants faced the greatest prejudice in the country |
F |
|
|
the know nothing party started a rumor that the pope was planning a takeover of the US through the immigrant population |
T |
|
|
in the civil war, all catholics followed the pope's statement that the slave trade was to be condemend |
false |
|
|
one consequence of the civl war was an increase in anti catholicism |
F |
|
|
it is likely that there have been african american catholics in the US from the beginning days of the colonies, since some of the black slaves were kidnapped from a catholic country |
T |
|
|
the immigrant or ethnic parish was an important part of building catholic identity in the US |
t |
|
|
many immigrants wanted priests who spoke english, so that they could learn the language more quickly |
false |
|
|
the effects of the industrial revolution are still felt today |
T |
|
|
pope leo XIII embraced all forms of capitalism as being campatible with the gospels |
T |
|
|
the strict regulation of child labor was heavily promoted throughout the industrial revolution |
f |
|
|
the encyclical rerum novarum dealt witht the evils of slavery in the US |
f |
|
|
capitalists of the late 19th century often increased their wealth at the expense of their workers |
T |
|
|
The church advocated marxism initially |
f |
|
|
pope leo XIII encyclical asserts that in some working conditions, people were treated like slaves |
T |
|
|
there has only been one social encyclical, and taht is the rerum novarum |
f |
|
|
this is the idea that the US should be native born caucasian protestants |
nativism |
|
|
he was the first african-american priest in the US |
augustus tolton |
|
|
he was the first bishop in the us |
john carrol |
|
|
she used the vast wealth she inherited to establish resources to care for the marginalized in the US |
? |
|
|
she founded the first catholic university to serve african americans |
st katherine drextel |
|
|
he was pope during the industrial revolution |
pope leo XIII |
|
|
hes the fsther of modern communism |
Karl MArx |
|
|
this dogma states that when mary was formed in her mothers womb, she was protected from the stain of original sin |
immaculate conception |
|
|
this is the notion that survival of the fittest can be applied to the economy |
social darwinism |
|
|
she was a young widow with 5 children, converted to catholicism, was abandoend by her wealthy family, and began a catholic school in baltimore |
st elizabeth ann seton |
|
|
he called the first vatican council |
pope pius IX |
|
|
she established the first religious order to originate in the US- the sisters of charity |
st elizabeth ann seton |
|
|
this dogma states that when mary died, her body did not suffer decay in the grave- it was taken to heaven |
assumption of mary |
|
|
he had to study for the priesthood in rome becuz no american seminary would admit him |
augustus tolton |
|
|
the englihs title of this popes 1891 encyclical is on the condition of labor |
st katharine drextel |
|
|
what event ended the medieval ages and officially began the renaissance |
there was no definite event |
|
|
where did the renaissance begin |
tuscany |
|
|
what typified most popes at this time |
their lavish lifestyles and corruption |
|
|
he learned about human anatomy through his study of dissected corpes |
michelangelo |
|
|
he is considered to be a "reneaissance man" becuz he was good at so many things |
leonardo da vinci |
|
|
he was commissioned by pope julius II to create a magnificant papal tomb |
michalangelo |
|
|
the word renaissance means |
rebirth |
|
|
this peice by michelangelo was seen as a symbol of florence |
david |
|
|
known as the wonder worker of peru, this man joined the domincan order in his teens and was known for his ability to heal |
st. martin de porres |
|
|
this man greeted the slave ships as they arrived in the new world from africa and ministered to the slaves |
st peter claver |
|
|
this person was a great spanish mystic was authored an autobiography called interior castle |
st teresa of avila |
|
|
she was a reformer of the carmelite order who was known for her good sense of humor |
st teresa of avila |
|
|
he was a french missionary sent to quebec, canada to evangelize the native americans there, spent much time in michigan and explored the missipi river |
fr jacques marquette |
|
|
his goal as a young man- to be a swash-buckling soldier who won the hearts of the ladies- was thrown off course when his legs were severely injured in battle by a cannon ball |
st ignatius of loyola |
|
|
he is one of the original jesuits and he evangelized in india, japan, and indonesia |
st francis xavier |
|
|
this author of utopia was beheaded under the reign of henry VIII becuz he wouldnt renounce the pope |
st thomas more |
|
|
he was a native mexican peasant who experienced an apparition of mary |
st juan diego |
|
|
she didnt like how ppl reacted to her beauty, so she blistered her skin by rubbing it with peppers and lime |
st rose of lima |
|
|
this priest was one of the north american martyrs who ministered in the new york area and died by having a tomahawk thrown at his head |
st isaac jogues |
|
|
he is the founder of the jesuit order |
st ignatius of loyola |
|
|
he was originally a slave owner on the caribbean island of santo domingo but had a conversion, joined the domincan order, and went to spain to fight for the new laws, which forbid the slavery of natives in the new world |
bartalome de la casas |
|
|
he is the illegitimate son of spanish aristocrat and a black slave who worked in peru to care for the sick and to stop slavery |
st martin de porrews |
|
|
the blessed mother showed him where to pick spanish roses in december to bring to the local bishop as a sign that a cathedral should be built on that spot |
st juan diego |
|
|
this swiss priest broke with the church by publically eatng meat during lent and encouraging others to do so. he banished sacred art and music from his new church |
ullrich zwingli |
|
|
he was french and moved to switzerland to avoid the french kings persecution of protestants |
john calvin |
|
|
he began the protestant reformation |
martin luther |
|
|
he broke with the church becuz the pope refused to grant him an annulment |
henry VIII |
|
|
he nailed ninety-five theses to the door of the cathedral in wittenburg, germany to spell out his issues with the church |
martin luther |
|
|
martin luther intended from the beginning to split off from the catholic church |
F |
|
|
predestination was a key belief of martin luther, which he made a doctrine of lutheranism |
F |
|
|
a remission for punishment of sin- often by a monetary donation- was called simony |
F |
|
|
martin luther began his vocational life as an austustinian priest |
T |
|
|
the council of trent had more than 25 meetingd and 3 main sessions. it took place over the the course of 18 yrs and was frequently interrupted by wars |
T |
|
|
john calvin began a theocracy in geneva |
T |
|
|
under john calvin, toleration of all religions was the rule of the land |
F |
|
|
martin luthers life changed after being caught in a thunderstorm |
T |
|
|
henry VIII founded the anglican church |
T |
|
|
henry VIIIs daughter, elizabethI, was very tolerant of catholics and allowed them to freely practice the faith in english during her reign |
F |
|
|
how did martin luther differ in his teachings on salvation from catholicism? |
martin luther beileved in sola scripture, sola, fide, and sola gratiude, tought that scripture alone and not tradition. |
|
|
what is predestination? why does the catholic church reject this concept? |
belief that god determines whether each person is saved or condemed before they are born. This is rejected by catholics becuz catholics believe that good works and faith in god anyone can be saved from sin and granted eternal life with god. therefore, free will |
|
|
why is pope paul III called the first of the reformer popes of this era? |
created several reforms and teachings. pope paul III called this council to reunite catholics and protestants. took a noble step to reform false doctrines & beliefs of his time |
|
|
what was one of the purposes of the council of trent |
unite catholics and protestants to outline new reforms and teaching of catholicism. confirmed 7 sacraments, eliminated simony, and eucharist at easter |
|
|
explain one way the invention of the printing press changed human history |
allowed bibles and holy books to be printed instead of written out |
|
|
how did the experience of mexican peasant who saw an apparation of mary result in the evangelization of 8 million natives within 7 yrs |
mary appeared as a native to st juan diego |
