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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The arboreal hypothesis proposes that defining primate characteristics were adaptations to life in the trees, such as: |
grasping hands and feet, developed vision, and greater intelligence.
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Sivapithecus is widely recognized as an ancestral member of which ape lineage? |
orangutan
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The most distinctive feature of ape dentition, which clearly distinguishes apes from Old World monkeys, is: |
a Y-5 molar pattern.
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The space between the canine and the first premolar in the lower jaw of some primates is a(n): |
diastema
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The evolution of apes began in Africa and continued into: |
Europe and Asia.
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If you are examining the fossil remains of the genus Dryopithecus, they are most likely from where? |
France
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Like that of Dryopithecus, a modern gorilla mandible has: |
a Y-5 molar pattern, low rounded cusps, large canines, and a diastema.
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The shift from the Miocene, which had greater diversity of ape species and fewer monkey species, to a living assemblage with greater diversity of monkey species and fewer ape species may be the result of: |
differences in ability to exploit the habitats that resulted after a change in global climate.
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Apes went extinct in southern Europe (including France, Spain, Italy, and Greece) during the late Miocene, probably as a result of: |
climate change.
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Plesiadapiforms are also called: |
proprimates
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Which two genera may be the ancestor to the orangutan? |
Gigantopithecus and Sivapithecus
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Chororapithecus is considered the: |
common ancestor of African apes and hominins.
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Gigantopithecus: |
stood ten feet tall and weighed 660 pounds.
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Which of the following apes has been proposed as the last common ancestor of living African apes and humans? |
Ouranopithecus
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Comparisons of tooth wear in living apes and extinct Miocene apes suggest that some extinct species of apes ate: |
leaves, nuts, and fruits.
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Monkeys underwent massive__________in the Pliocene and Pleistocene. |
adaptive radiation
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Which species of early primates had the most biological diversity? |
Proconsul
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The best-accepted hypothesis for the dispersal of African monkeys to the New World is: |
platyrrhines evolved from anthropoids in Africa that migrated across the Atlantic to South America.
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The angiosperm radiation hypothesis proposes that: |
certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic.
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A difference between Miocene apes and modern apes is: |
the size of the hands.
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A rapid temperature increase about 55 mya created tropical conditions around the world, resulting in the
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adaptive radiation of Euprimates.
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During the Miocene epoch of the Cenozoic era, there was an adaptive radiation of which kind of primate? |
apes |
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Which Eocene organisms had clear primate characteristics like a postorbital bar, opposable thumbs, nails, and a large brain? |
adapids and omomyids
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Canadian primate paleontologist David Begun proposes that climate changes in Europe prompted late Miocene apes to
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move from Europe back to Africa following food sources.
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Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates were: |
plesiadapiforms
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Euprimates represent the: |
first true primates
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The calcaneus (heel bone) of Eosimias suggests that it may be a very primitive
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anthropoid
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Based on genetic analysis of living primates calibrated by the fossil record, it is estimated that apes and Old World monkeys diverged into separate lineages around
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25 mya.
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The similarity of the foot bones between _________ and the living anthropoids makes it the likely first true primate
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Eosimias
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A species that is adapted to a wide range of environments, climates, and diets is: |
biologically diverse.
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Chororapithecus is considered the: |
common ancestor of African apes and hominins.
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Apes first appear in Europe and Asia from about: |
17 mya.
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