Chpt 24

Front 1

imperialism

Back 1

the domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region

Front 2

protectorate

Back 2

local rulers were left in place but wre expected to follow the advice of european advisors on issues such as trade or missionary activity

Front 3

shpere of influence

Back 3

an area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privileges

Front 4

usman dan fodio

Back 4

scholar and preecher who denounced the corruption of local hausa rulers. he called for social and religious reforms based on the the sharia, or islamic law. he set up a pwrful islamic state in N Nigeria, inspiring other muslim reforms

Front 5

shaka

Back 5

ruthless/brilliant leader of the zulus who waged relentless wars = mass migrations of other peoples. wages war with Boers and lost after many years

Front 6

paternalistic

Back 6

missionaries viewed africans as children in need of guidance

Front 7

Dr David Livingstone

Back 7

best-known explorer/missionary. explored africa for 30 yrs writing with little bias and more sympathy. believed the only way to end the culity of some african rulers was to bring christianity and trade to interior of africa

Front 8

henry stanley

Back 8

journalist who trekked into central africa to find livingstone. left in 1869, found him in 1871 in tanzania greeting him with 'dr. livingstone, i pressume?'

Front 9

king leopold II

Back 9

Belgium. hired stanley to explore the congo river basin and arrange trade treaties with african leaders. dreamed of conquest and profit. set off the scramble for africa

Front 10

boer war

Back 10

when britain aquired cape colony, boers fled N. discovery of gold and diamonds in their republics = war from 1899-1902 w/guerrilla fighting. british won. 1910 british united the cape colony with boer lands into the union of S africa w/a white gov and extreme segrigation

Front 11

samori toure

Back 11

building his empire in W africa when he fought the french

Front 12

yaa asantewaa

Back 12

when the asante king was exiled, they put themselves under her command. she led fighting against british.

Front 13

nehanda

Back 13

military leader of the Shona in zimbabwe. captured and executed

Front 14

menelik II

Back 14

reforming leader of Ethipoia who modernized the country by hiring european experts to plan building, ed, and army, plus new weapons. when italians invaded (battle of adowa) he won.

Front 15

elite

Back 15

western educated african upper class

Front 16

muhammad ahmad

Back 16

of the sudan. announced that he was the mahdi. fiercely resisted british expansion into the region

Front 17

mahdi

Back 17

long-awaited savior of the faith [muslim]

Front 18

pashas

Back 18

provincial rulers in the ottoman empire

Front 19

sultans

Back 19

rulers of the ottoman turkish empire who rejected reform and tried to rebuild the autocratic power enjoyed by earlier rulers

Front 20

genocide

Back 20

a deliberate attempt to destroy racial, political, or cultural group. (muslim turks against armenians)

Front 21

muhammad ali

Back 21

an ambitious soldier appointed governer of egypt by the ottomans. 'father of modern egypt' b/c of western reforms

Front 22

concessions

Back 22

special rights given to foreign powers (russia and britain) in persia

Front 23

sepoys

Back 23

indian soldiers who had to serve anywhere . rebelled against british for the new rifles which had cartiges greased with sacred animal fat

Front 24

viceroy

Back 24

a british viceroy in india governed in the name of the queen

Front 25

deforestation

Back 25

cutting down of trees in india by british for farmland

Front 26

ram mohun roy

Back 26

felt india could learn from the west and thus founded the hindu college providing an english-style ed. also condemed some india traditions and wanted to reform the culture

Front 27

purdah

Back 27

indain tradtion. the isolation of women in separate quarters

Front 28

balance of trade

Back 28

the diff between how much a country inports vs exports

Front 29

trade surplus

Back 29

china exported more than imported

Front 30

trade deficit

Back 30

westerners buy more than sell to china

Front 31

opium war

Back 31

chinese government outlawed opium and ordered british to stop trade. when they refused, chines warships clashed with british merchants, triggering the war. china lost b/c outdate

Front 32

indemnity

Back 32

britain recieved this payment for losses in war from china

Front 33

extraterritoriality

Back 33

british citizens in china were granted the right to live under their own laws and be tried in their own courts

Front 34

taiping rebellion

Back 34

peasant revolt in qing dynasty of china. led by hong xiuquan. ended by almost destroying the dynasty, but it survived. it had to share pwr with regional commanders

Front 35

sino-japanese war

Back 35

when japanese modernized and joined imperialists, their pressure on china led to this war, which ended in china losing and japan gaining the island of taiwan

Front 36

open door policy

Back 36

a policy to keep chinese trade open to all westerners on an equal basis

Front 37

guang xu

Back 37

developed the hundred days of reform to modernized gov and ed, but was imprisioned and ci xi reasserted pwr

Front 38

boxer uprising

Back 38

goal was to drive foreigners out of china. they attacked but W pwrs crushed them

Front 39

sun yixian

Back 39

organized the rrevolutionary alliance to rebuild china on the 3 princilpes of the ppl - nationalism, democracy, and livelihood