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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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WHAT IS A BUSINESS PROCESS? |
Describes a set of activities that are necessary to complete a response to a stimulus applied to an organization |
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- WHAT IS DATA? -WHAT IS INFORMATION? |
-Data are recorded facts or figures (not meaningful on its own) -Information is the central focus of information systems |
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ROLE OF INFORMATION IN BUSINESS PROCESSES (4) |
1. Business processes use, generate and store information 2. Business processes bring together important items of data in context 3. Business Processes bring together information so it can be understood at various levels 4. Information from business processes are useful for managerial and strategic decision |
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ACTIVITIES USE INFORMATION SYSTEMS TO: (3) |
1. Automate the generation of information 2. Manipulate and store data and info 3. Uncover new and novel methods/activities to make the entire business process more efficient |
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CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD INFORMATION: (5) |
1. ACCURATE: correct and complete 2. TIMELY: produced in time for intended use 3. RELEVANT: to context and subject 4. JUST BARELY SUFFICIENT: do not need extra info 5. WORTH ITS COST: relationship between cost and value |
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IS 5 COMPONENTS: |
1. Hardware 2. Software 3. Data 4. Procedures 5. People |
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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE 5 COMPONENTS |
1. The outermost components of information system, hardware and people, are both actors; they can take actions. 2. The software and procedure components are both sets of instructions: software is instructions for hardware and procedures are instructions for people. 3. data is the bridge between the computer side on the left and the human side on the right. |
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IS TO SUPPORT COUNTER SALES: - automated or manual?? -THINK: Cashiers |
**Mostly an automated system -Cashiers do not require extensive training -Cashiers are trained only in how to use cash register -Do not work directly with programs on comp. -Inventory Database |
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IS TO SUPPORT PAYMENT -Automated or manual?? |
**Mostly a manual system. Little work is done by computers and software - |
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IS TO SUPPORT PURCHASING -Automated or manual?? |
**Balance between comp. and human work -Searching database is repetitive (automated process) -Selecting suppliers is complicated (manual process) |
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BUSINESS PROCESS DESIGN (3) |
1. Business Process Automation (BPA) 2. Business Process Improvement (BPI) 3. Business Process Transformation (BPT) |
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BPA |
**The least "intense" form of automation -Involves automating some aspect of a business process through the application of IT -Leaves the manual system essentially unchanged but makes process more efficient by automating them |
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BPA LIBRARY E.G. |
OBJECTIVE: reduce library checkout line-up Before BPA: Manual checkout After BPA: Computerized checkout |
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BPI |
** a notch up on the analysis "intensity" level of automation - no radical changes but a constant look for improvement |
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BPI LIBRARY E.G. |
OBJECTIVE: Reduce library checkout line-up BEFORE BPI: Manual checkout AFTER BPI: Professors can use computers to search catalog, check out books and have them delivered using campus mail |
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THINGS TO CONSIDER W/ BPI: |
-More effort required in identifying potential opportunities |
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BUSINESS PROCESS TRANSFORMATION (BPT) |
**High level of "intensity" of automation - Looking for drastic improvements - High risk -Increased time |
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BPT LIBRARY E.G. |
OBJECTIVE: Reduce library checkout line-up Before BPT: Manual checkout After BPT: Make texts available on web Scan all of the books online-make info searchable and downloadable |
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3 LEVELS OF DECISIONS: |
1. Operational decisions concern day-to-day activities 2. Managerial decisions concern the allocation and utilization of resources 3. Strategic decisions concern broader-scope, organizational issues |
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STRUCTURED VS. UNSTRUCTURED DECISIONS |
Structured: one for which there is an understood and accepted method for making the decision (how much tax do I need to pay?) Unstructured: one for which there is no agreed-on-decision-making method (Who should I marry?) |
