Chpt 13 Pt 3

Front 1

is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets in response to high blood sugar levels

Back 1

insulin

Front 2

is an abnormally high concentration of glucose in the blood

Back 2

hyperglycemia

Front 3

is excessive thirst

Back 3

polydipsia

Front 4

means thirst

Back 4

dipsia

Front 5

is excessive hunger

Back 5

polyphagia

Front 6

is excessive urination

Back 6

polyuria

Front 7

is a condition marked by excessive secretion of insulin

Back 7

hyperinsulinism

Front 8

is an abnormally low concentration of glucose (sugar) in the blood

Back 8

hypoglycemia

Front 9

is a benign tumor of the pancreas

Back 9

pancreatalgia

Front 10

is an inflammation of the pancreas

Back 10

pancreatitis

Front 11

is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both

Back 11

diabetes mellitus

Front 12

is an autoimmune insulin deficiency disorder

Back 12

type 1 diabetes aka insulin dependent diabetes mellitus or juvenile diabetes

Front 13

is an insulin resistance disorder. The body does not use insulin effectively

Back 13

type 2 diabetes aka non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Front 14

_______ lower blood sugar by causing the body to release more insulin

Back 14

oral hypoglycemics

Front 15

_________ (metformin hydrochloride) and similar medications work within the cells to combat insulin resistance and to help insulin let blood sugar into the cells

Back 15

glucophage

Front 16

is the form of diabetes that occurs during some pregnancies

Back 16

gestational diabetes mellitus

Front 17

measures the glucose (blood sugar) levels after the patient has not eaten for eight to 12 hours

Back 17

fasting blood sugar test

Front 18

is performed to confirm a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and to aid in diagnosing hypoglycemia

Back 18

oral glucose tolerance test

Front 19

measures the current blood sugar level

Back 19

home blood glucose monitoring

Front 20

measures average glucose levels over the past three weeks

Back 20

fructosamine test

Front 21

is a blood test that measures the average blood glucose level over the previous three to four months

Back 21

hemoglobin A1c testing aka HbA1c

Front 22

is caused by very low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)

Back 22

insulin shock

Front 23

is caused by very high blood sugar

Back 23

diabetic coma aka diabetic ketoacidosis

Front 24

ocurs because excess blood sugar makes the walls of the blood vessels sticky and rigid

Back 24

heart disease

Front 25

may lead to renal failure because damage to the blood vessel reduces blood flow through the kidneys

Back 25

kidney disease

Front 26

is damage to the nerves

Back 26

neuropathy

Front 27

occurs when diabetes damages the tiny blood vessels in the retina of the eye

Back 27

diabetic retinopathy

Front 28

is the surgical removal of the pancreas

Back 28

pancreatectomy

Front 29

is located near the midline in the anterior portion of the thoracic cavity

Back 29

thymus

Front 30

stimulates the maturation of lymphocytes into T cells of the immune system

Back 30

thymosin

Front 31

is an inflammation of the thymus gland

Back 31

thymitis

Front 32

is usually benign tumor derived from the tisue of the thymus

Back 32

thymoma

Front 33

is the surgical removal of the thymus gland

Back 33

thymectomy

Front 34

The _____ gland which is very small and shaped something like a pine cone, is located in the portion of the brain

Back 34

pineal gland

Front 35

The hormone ______ melatonin influences the sleep and wakefulness portions of the circadian cycle

Back 35

melatonin

Front 36

is any disorder of the pineal gland

Back 36

pinealopathy

Front 37

is the surgical removal of the pineal body

Back 37

pinealectomy

Front 38

are ovaries in females and testicles in males, are the gamete-producing glands

Back 38

gonads

Front 39

is a reproductive cell. This the sperm in the male and ova (eggs) in the female

Back 39

gamete

Front 40

is any hormone that stimulates the gonads

Back 40

gonadotropic hormone aka gonadotropin

Front 41

means gonad

Back 41

gonad/o

Front 42

is the condition of first being capable of reproducing sexually

Back 42

puberty

Front 43

is secreted by the testicles, stimulates the development of male secondary sex characteristics

Back 43

testosterone

Front 44

is important in the development and maintenance of the female secondary sex characteristics and in regulation of the menstrual cycle

Back 44

estrogen

Front 45

is the hormone released during the second half of the menstrual cycle by the corpus luteum in the ovary it completes the preperation for pregnancy

Back 45

progesterone

Front 46

during pregnancy the ______ secretes the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin to stimulate the corpus luteum to continue producing the hormones required to maintain pregnancy

Back 46

placenta

Front 47

is the condition of excessive secretion of hormones by the sex glands

Back 47

hypergonadism

Front 48

means sex gland

Back 48

gonad

Front 49

is the condition of deficient secretion of hormones by the sex glands

Back 49

hypogonadism

Front 50

is the condition of excessive mammary development in the male

Back 50

gynecomastia