Chpt 13 Pt 2

Front 1

the four _____ glands each of which is about the size of a grain of rice, are located within the thyroid gland

Back 1

parathyroid glands

Front 2

works with calcitonin to regulate calcium levels in the blood and tissues

Back 2

parathyroid hormone aka parathormone

Front 3

is caused by an insufficient or absent secretion of the parathyroid glands

Back 3

hypoparathyroidism

Front 4

means parathyroid

Back 4

parathyroid

Front 5

is characterized by abnormally low levels of calcium in the blood

Back 5

hypocalcemia

Front 6

means calcium

Back 6

calc

Front 7

is characterized by periodic painful muscle spasms and tremors

Back 7

tetany

Front 8

is the overproduction of the parathyroid hormone

Back 8

hyperparathyroidism

Front 9

is characterized by abnormally high concentrations of calcium circulating in the blood instead of being stored in the bones

Back 9

hypercalcemia

Front 10

is caused by a diseased parathyroid gland

Back 10

primary hyperparathyroidism

Front 11

is caused by a problem elsewhere in the body

Back 11

secondary hyperparathyroidism

Front 12

is the surgical removal of one or more of the parathyroid glands, is performed to control hyperparathyroidism

Back 12

parathyroidectomy

Front 13

are located one on top of each kidney

Back 13

adrenal glands aka adrenals

Front 14

the outer portion of the adrenal gland

Back 14

adrenal cortex

Front 15

the middle portion of the adrenal gland

Back 15

adrenal medulla

Front 16

means to stimulate

Back 16

tropin

Front 17

means body

Back 17

somat/o

Front 18

means adrenal

Back 18

adren/o

Front 19

means milk

Back 19

lact/o

Front 20

means production

Back 20

gen

Front 21

means swift

Back 21

oxy

Front 22

means labor

Back 22

tocin

Front 23

means extremities

Back 23

acr/o

Front 24

means abnormal enlargement

Back 24

megaly

Front 25

means pituitary

Back 25

pituitar

Front 26

means poison

Back 26

toxic

Front 27

are mineral substances, such as sodium and potassium, which are normally found in blood

Back 27

electrolytes

Front 28

is the name given to any of the steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex and to their synthetic equivalents

Back 28

corticosteroid

Front 29

regulate the mineral salts in the body

Back 29

mineralocorticoids

Front 30

the primary mineralocorticoid is

Back 30

aldosterone

Front 31

regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the body

Back 31

glucocorticoids

Front 32

the primary glucocorticoid is

Back 32

cortisol aka hydrocortisone

Front 33

are hormones that influence sex-related characteristics

Back 33

gonadocorticoids aka androgens

Front 34

stimulate the sympathetic nervous system. causes an increase in heart rate and blood pressure

Back 34

epinephrine aka adrenaline and norepinephrine

Front 35

is inflammation of the adrenal glands

Back 35

adrenalitis

Front 36

is a condition that occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormones cortisol or aldosterone

Back 36

addison's disease

Front 37

is an abnormality of electrolyte balance caused by excessive secretion of aldosterone

Back 37

aldosteronism

Front 38

is aldosteronism caused by disorders of the adrenal glands

Back 38

primary aldosteronism aka conn's syndrome

Front 39

is not caused by a disorder of the adrenal gland. It results from a disorder, such as nephrotic syndrome, that occur elsewhere in the body

Back 39

secondary aldosteronism

Front 40

is a benign tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes the gland to produce excess epinephrine

Back 40

pheochromocytoma

Front 41

means dusky

Back 41

phe/o

Front 42

means dark

Back 42

chrom/o

Front 43

means cell

Back 43

cyt

Front 44

is caused by prolonged exposures to high levels of cortisol. Symptons include a moon or rounded face

Back 44

cushing's syndrome aka hypercortisolism

Front 45

is a minimally invasive procedure to surgically remove one or both adrenal glands

Back 45

laparoscopic adrenalectomy

Front 46

is the synthetic equivalent of corticosteroids produced by the body

Back 46

cortisone aka hydrrocortisone

Front 47

is a synthetic hormone used as a vasoconstrictor to treat conditions such as heart dysrhythmias and asthma attacks

Back 47

epinephrine

Front 48

is a feather shaped organ located posterior to (behind) the stomach

Back 48

pancreas

Front 49

are cells within the pancreas that have an endocrine function

Back 49

pancreatic islets aka islets of langerhans

Front 50

is a hormone secreted by tge alpha cells of the pancreatic islets in response to low blood sugar levels

Back 50

glucagon