Chp. 8 Articulations

Front 1

describe major trad-off involved in joint structure and function

Back 1

as mobility increases, stability decreases

Front 2

List/describe 3 classifications of joints on degree of movement

Back 2

-Synarthroses= immovable
-Amphiarthroses= slight movement
-Pyarthrosis= freely movable

Front 3

List/ describe the 3 types of joints based on structure

Back 3

-Fibrous joint= joined by DRCT
-Cartilaginous joint= by cartilage
-Synovial Joint= capsule & space between bones
- Bony Fusion= synostosis

Front 4

3 types if fibrous joint

Back 4

-Suture= b/w skull bones
-Gomphosis= b/w teeth and jaw
-Syndesmosis= interosseous membrane (radius/ulna)

Front 5

2 types of cartilaginous joint. and example

Back 5

Symphysis- fibrocartilage & Pubic Symphysis,intervertebral discs
-Synchondrosis- hyaline & epiphyseal plates

Front 6

What major feature seperates synovial joints from fibrous and cartilaginous joints

Back 6

Joint Cavity

Front 7

What fills the cavity in the synovial joints

Back 7

Synovial fluid

Front 8

3 functions of synovial fluid

Back 8

lubrication
nourishment
shock absorption

Front 9

small, fluid-filled pocket that form where tendons/ligaments run against other tissues, reducing friction and acting as shock absorbers

Back 9

bursae

Front 10

tubular forms of bursae sacs that surround tendons where they pass across boney surfaces such as in our carpal tunnel ?

Back 10

tendon sheaths

Front 11

Motion consists of two opposing surfaces sliding past one another, generally w/ only slight movement allowed

Back 11

Gliding

Front 12

Motion: away from the longitudinal axis of the body in the coronal plane

Back 12

abduction

Front 13

Motion: toward from the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal coronal plane

Back 13

adduction

Front 14

motion: anterior/posterior (sagittal) planes that reduces the angle b/w articulating elements

Back 14

flexion

Front 15

motion: anterior/posterior (sagittal) planes that increases the angle b/w articulating elements

Back 15

extension

Front 16

motion: anterior/posterior (sagittal) planes that increases the angle b/w articulating elements by beyond its normal limits

Back 16

hyperextension

Front 17

what motion occurs when the vertebral column bends to the side

Back 17

lateral flexion

Front 18

motion: sequence of movements where proximal end of appendage remains relatively stationary and distal end makes a circular motion (cone)

Back 18

circumduction

Front 19

motion: is pivoting in which the bone turns on its own long axis

Back 19

rotation

Front 20

motion: pivoting in which the bone turns on its own long axis that the anterior portion of the limb rotates inward, toward the body

Back 20

medial rotation

Front 21

motion: pivoting in which the bone turns on its own long axis that the anterior portion of the limb rotates outward, away the body

Back 21

lateral rotation

Front 22

motion that twists the hand,wrist and antebrachium so that the palms move from anteriorly facing position to face posteriorly

Back 22

pronation

Front 23

motion that twists the hand,wrist and antebrachium so that the palms move from posteriorly facing position to face anteriorly

Back 23

supination

Front 24

motion os the elevation of the distal portion of the foot and toes

Back 24

dorsiflexion

Front 25

elevation of the heel

Back 25

plantar flexion

Front 26

twisting of the foot that positions the sole laterally

Back 26

eversion

Front 27

twisting of the foot that positions the sole medially

Back 27

inversion

Front 28

moving of a body part anteriorly in horizontal plane

Back 28

protraction

Front 29

moving of a body part posteriorly in horizontal plane

Back 29

retraction

Front 30

produces pad to pad contact b/w the thumb and the palm or another digit

Back 30

opposition

Front 31

structure moves in a superior direction

Back 31

elevation

Front 32

structure moves in a inferior direction

Back 32

depression

Front 33

synovial joint has flattened faces that slide across each other producing little movement and example

Back 33

gliding joint
-intercarpal joints

Front 34

synovial joint permits angular movement in a single plane like the opening and closing of a door
example

Back 34

hinge joint
- tibiofemoral

Front 35

synovial joint permits only rotation
example

Back 35

pivot joint
-radioulnar (proximal)

Front 36

synovial joint consists of an oval articular facet in a depression on the opposing bone allowing angular motion in two planes
example

Back 36

condylar joint
-radiocarpal

Front 37

synovial joint has complex faces, w/ concave and convex surface on each articular surface allowing extensive angular movement w/o rotation
example

Back 37

saddle joint
-1st carpometacarpal

Front 38

synovial joint consists of a round head that rests in a cup-shaped depression, allowing rotation and extensive angular movement
example

Back 38

ball and socket
- coxal

Front 39

name of joint b/w the mandibular condyle and fossa
what type?

Back 39

temporomandibular joint
-hinge/gliding

Front 40

join adjacent vertebral bodies

Back 40

intervertebral discs

Front 41

two layers of invertrebral discs and what are they composed of

Back 41

annuls fibrosus- fibrocartilage
nucleus pulposus- gelatin core

Front 42

joint b/w clavicle and manubrium
-type?

Back 42

sternoclavicular
-saddle or gliding

Front 43

joint b/w the humerus and the scapula
-type

Back 43

glenohumeral joint
-ball and socket

Front 44

3 joints form elbow

Back 44

-humeroradial
-humeroulnar
-proximal radioulnar

Front 45

joint produces majority of movement of the wrists
type

Back 45

radiocarpal
-condyloid

Front 46

joint b/w the femur and os coxae
-type

Back 46

coxal joint
-ball and socket

Front 47

2 joints of knee
type

Back 47

-Tibiofemoral= hinge
-patellofemoral = gliding

Front 48

joint b/w adjacent carpals/tarsals
typer=

Back 48

intercarpals
intertarsals
-gliding

Front 49

joints b/w carpals/ tarsals and the metacarpals/ metatarsals
type

Back 49

carpometacarpal
tarsametatarsal
gliding

Front 50

joint b/w 1st metacarpal and the trapezium

Back 50

saddle

Front 51

joints b/w the metacarpal/ metatarsals and the proximal phalanges

Back 51

metacarpophalangeal joints
-condyloid

Front 52

name b/w adjacent phalanges

Back 52

interphalangeal joint

Front 53

digits other than digit one have two of these. what are they

Back 53

proximal interphalangeal joint
distal interphalangeal joint