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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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How many years ago was gestures used as a leading development to spoken language? |
4 million years ago |
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How is communication through gestures used by pre human ancestors have its advantage? |
Silent, didn’t alert prey |
Provides spatial info |
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What sense is more developed in animals than any other sense |
Sight or vision |
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How many sign word in ASL did KoKo the gorilla know |
1000 signs |
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Asl is a visual gestural language created by |
Deaf people |
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Asl usage involves |
Eyes face head body posture hands and arms |
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How can asl express 3D ideas |
By using fingers to represent 3D shapes Show change in size Describe height, width and interior or exterior of space Describes people and objects in action |
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In MVSL “mad” uses |
1 hand |
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In ASL “mad” uses |
2 hands |
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In MVSL cow is signed with |
2 hands |
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In asl cow was signed wign |
2 hands and became 1 hand |
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Signs production tends to become more fluid by... |
Dropping parts of a sign Bird and home |
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Who was the linguist that’s determined that 60% of signs did nearly 1800s originated from FSL |
James Woodward |
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60% of signs from 1800s originated from |
French Sign Language |
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Remaining 40% of Asl originate from |
MVSL Home signs and Native American signs |
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What asl sign with Deaf not change |
Institute meaning residential school |
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Who made people aware that ASL had its own grammar structure and vocab |
William Stokoe |
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What are signs three characteristic? |
Phonology Morphology Syntax |
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What does language mean in Latin |
Tongue |
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Stokoe believed that language was a |
Cognitive system linked to physical sustemn |
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Sign language is a way of expressing with body instead of voice |
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Who was William Stokoe |
American linguist who played a huge role in ASL research and deeply impacted deaf culture and education |
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Who was a hearing professor at Gallaudet and hired as a chairman in the English Dept |
William Stokoe |
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Who established the linguists research laboratory in 1957 |
Stokoe |
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Which two deaf colleagues worked alongside Stokoe |
Carl cronenberg Dorothy casterline |
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Who was not supportive of Stokoe work? |
Gallaudet and deaf community |
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Stokoe is known as the |
Father of American Sign Language linguists |
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What’s is the written notation for sign Language called |
Stokoe notation |
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What do people think of ASL lacking grammar |
Believe asl is broken English |
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English: have you been to hawaii |
ASL Hawaii you touch finish? |
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ASL phonology What are the 5 parameters |
Location movement Facial expressions Handshape Palm orientation |
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What is ASL morphology |
Study of word formation how words are formed to build new words and sign |
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How do you use inflections one ASL |
Facial expressions and body language |
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Facial expressions help determine |
You go? You go! You go. |
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Asl syntax how many sentence types are there |
7 |
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Declarative |
Most basic sentence type in ASL |
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What are the 3 question types |
Yes/no:forward head tilt eyebrows up Wh-? Head tilt eyebrow down Rhetorical ? Abstract questions, eyebrows up with head tilt |
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Conditional |
Indicate action will be taken following another action Ex. You mind? Yes but first |
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Negation/ assertion |
Indicate something is true or false. Shake or nod head |
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Command |
Give orders signs are sharper and faster |
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Topicalization |
Topic. Subject. Verb. Book I give her |
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Relative clause |
Identify person or object See woman over there blue shirt... |
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...deaf children from hearing families didn’t know they had what |
Name |
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Students must first learn to pronounce their name, write name, given sign name then learn to FS |
True |
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Bi bi method |
Uses ASL and English Teaches sign name first FS then write and pronounce |
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In the late 1800s where were many signs located |
Waist and lower chest |
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As time past signs made at waist and Lower chest moved where |
Upper chest and neck |
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Why are signs more compact? |
High visual acuity Signers focus on lower part of face |
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When old signers pass what happens to the old signs |
Pass away as well |
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What are two examples of old signs that changed? |
Phone: S on ear, y on ear and c on ear Deaf: deaf shut to deaf |
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What are the rules of variations of sign 6 |
Rochester SEE 1 seeing essential English See 2 signing exact English 2 LOVE linguists of visual English PSE pidgin signed English SE signed English |
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What are the three methods delivered |
Sim. Communication Combined method Total communication |
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By 1960s more deaf students enter... |
Mainstream schools |
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How did many educators want deaf to teach |
Learn exactly English grammar and structure |
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Who created the Rochester method |
Dr. Zenas westervelt |
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When was the Rochester method created |
1878 |
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What is the Rochester method |
FS everything!!! By the mouth |
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During what years was the Rochester method revived and why did it not last |
1950-70s. Canceled because it was tedious you have to spell out everything |
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Who created See 1? When |
David Anthony in 1960s |
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What does SEE 1 stand for and what is it |
Seeing essential English Certain word with two contexts and the same sign Ex for bear and bare you use one sign |
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Who created SEE 2 |
Gerilee Gustason |
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What was SEE 2 stand for? What is it |
Signing exact English Invented pronouns and affixes |
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What does LOVE stand for |
Linguists of visual English |
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Who created love method |
Dennis Wampler |
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Love created |
Signs for first letter of a word initialized and similar to SEE 1 |
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What does PSE STAND FOR |
pidgin signed English |
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When did PSE become common |
1970s |
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What was the purpose of PSE |
Help deaf people write and speak in English structure ASL structure too difficult for hearing to understand |
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What happened to deaf students as a result of different signed systems and variations |
Couldn’t understand each other |
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What’s considered communication abuse |
Separating deaf from deaf events and deaf culture |
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What is simultaneous communication |
Speak and sign at same time |
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Advantage of simcom |
Receiver can’t hear or read lips if they don’t understand a word |
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Disadvantages of sim com |
Speaker forgets to sign Hard to translate properly |
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What is total communication |
Aural manual and oral types of communication to ensure effective communication
Gestures ASL speech lip reading FS rdg and writing |
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Bilingual |
Emphasize deaf child’s natural language and English as 2nd language |
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Cued speech |
Not asl only helps read and pronounce speech signs |
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Four variations of sign |
Regional underwear garbage rude Ethnic BASL Gender males use more adjectives and CLs than women Technological develop twitter Facebook videophone sc ig |
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Four variations of sign |
Regional underwear garbage rude Ethnic BASL Gender males use more adjectives and CLs than women Technological develop twitter Facebook videophone sc ig |
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How many Sign languages are around the world |
271 |
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International signs were formerly known as |
Gestuno |
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Gestuno |
Is an Italian acronym for one system of sign |
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How many international signs are there |
1500 |
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What two instances are international signs used |
Deaflympic World federation of deaf |
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Finger spelling consists of what percentage of ASL |
8.7% |
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What things are FS |
Name places and objects that don’t have sign |
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How many people in deaf world |
500,000-2 million |
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Besides deaf who make up the deaf world? |
Interpreters, asl students CODA. Parents of deaf family and relatives |
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In 2010 ASL was ranked as the _ |
4th most used language |
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What are the four most used languages |
Spanish French German ASL |
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What states DONT recognize ASL as an official language |
Alabama Delaware Mississippi Montana Nebraska Vermont |
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CODAs usually grow up knowing |
Two language and two cultures |
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When was CODA established as national organization |
1983 by Millie brother to provide support and resources for members |
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When did interpreting become professional? Why |
1964 due to establishment of registry of interpreters for the deaf |
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When did RID become a national interpreter certification program |
1973 |
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How many levels |
3 |
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Interpreters usually work as |
Freelance- under multiple contracts, business courts hospital personal client Under contract- school large companies federal centers Interpreting agency- deaf and hard of hearing services in GR |
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What does VRS |
Video relay services |
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What is sorenson? |
VP services for interpreters to translate calls |
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