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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
PAIN IS A LEADING PUBIC H____ PROBLEM
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HEALTH
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CARING FOR PTS WITH PAIN REQUIRES RECOGNITION THAT PAIN CAN AND SHOULD BE RE______
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RELIEVED
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PAIN INVOLVES PHYSICAL, EMOTIONAL, AND CO______ COMPONENTS
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COGNITIVE
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TRANSDUCTION CONVERTS ENERGY PRODUCED BY THESE STIMULI INTO ELEC____ ENERGY. PAIN STIMULUS SENDS AN IMPULSE ACROSS A SENSORY PERIPHERAL NERVE FIB))))) OR NOCIEPTOR INITIATING AN ACTION POTENTIAL.
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ELECTRICAL
FIBER |
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AFTER TRANSDUCTION, TRANSMISSION BE____
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BEGINS
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CELLULAR DAMAGE CAUSED BY THERMAL, MECHANICAL, OR CHEMICAL STIMULI RESULTS IN THE RELEASE OF EXCITATORY NEUROTRANSMITTERS SUCH AS PROST______, BRADYKININ, SUBSTANCE P, AND HISTAMINE. CREATE INFLAMMATORY SOUP SPREADING PAIN MESSAGE.
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PROSTAGLANDIN
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NERVE IMPULSES RESULTING FROM PAINFUL STIMULUS TRAVEL ALONG AFFERENT OR SENS____ PERIPHERAL NERVE FIBERS
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SENSORY
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2 TYPES OF PERIPHERAL NERVE FIBERS CONDUCT PAIN IMPULSES: FAST MYLENATED A-______FIBERS AND THE VERY SLOW UNMYLENATED C FIBERS.
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DELTA
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A FIBERS SEND IMPULSES SHARP, LOCALIZED AND DISTINCT SENSATIONS THAT SPECIFY THE SOURCE OF PAIN AND DETECT ITS IN_______
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INTENSITY
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C FIBERS RELAY IMPULSES THAT ARE POORLY LOCAL----- BURNING AND PERSISTENT.
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LOCALIZED
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SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX IDENTIFIES THE LOCATION AND INTEN____ OF PAIN.
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INTENSITY
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NEUROREGULATORS- PROSTAGLANDINS- FROM THE BREAKDOWN OF PHOSPH_____ AND MAKES MORE SENSITIVE TO PAIN
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PHOSPHOLIPIDS
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NEUROREGULATORS-BRADYKININ- RELEASED FROM PLASMA, INCREASES PAIN STIM____, BINDS TO CELLS THAT PRODUCE PROSTAGLANDIN.
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STIMULI
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NEUROREGULATORS-SUBSTANCE P FOUND IN THE PAIN NUERONS OF DORSAL HORN. NEEDED TO TRANSMIT PAIN IMPULSES FROM PERIPHERY TO HIGHER PAIN CENTERS; CAUSES VASO______ AND EDEMA.
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VASODILATION
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NEUROREGULATORS- HISTAMINE= PRODUCED BY MAST CELLS CAUSING CAPILLARY DIL_____ AND INCREASES CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY.
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DILATION
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NEUROREGULATORS= SEROTONIN= RELEASED FROM THE BRAINSTEM AND DORSAL HORN TO INHIBIT PAIN TRANS+++++
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TRANSMISSION
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NEUROREGULATORS= INHIBITORY NEUROMODULATORS- NATURAL SUPPLY OF MORPHINE- LIKE SUBSTANCES IN THE BODY; ACTIVATED BY STRESS AND P____. LOCATED WITHIN THE BRAIN, SPINAL CORD, AND GI TRACT. CAUSE ANALGESIA WHEN THEY ATTACH TO OPIATE RECEP++++ IN THE BRAIN. PRESENT IN HIGHER LEVELS IN PEOPLE WHO HAVE LESS PAIN THAN OTHERS WITH A SIMILAR INJURY.
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PAIN
RECEPTORS |
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NOCICEPTIVE PAIN- NORMAL PROCESSING OF STIMULI THAT DAMAGES NORM----- TISSUES OR HAS THE POTENTIAL IF LONGER. RESPONSIVE TO OPIODS OR NON.
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NORMAL
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NEUROPATHIC PAIN- ABNORMAL PROCESSING OF SENSORY IN____ BY PERIPHERAL OR CNS. TREATMENT INCLUDES ADUVANT ANALGESICS.
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INPUT
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NOCICEPTIVE PAIN INCLUDES SOMATIC AND VIS_____ PAIN. SOMATIC PAIN COMES FROM BONE, JOINT, MUSCLE, SKIN, OR CONN)))))) TISSUE. USUALLY ACHING AND THROBBING AND WELL- LOCAL_____
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VISCERAL
CONNECTIVE LOCALIZED |
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VISCERAL PAIN FROM VISCERAL ORGANS SUCH AS GI TRACT AND PAN_____ SOMTIMES DIVIDED INTO 1. TUMOR INVOLVEMENT OF ORGAN CAPSULE THAT WELL LOCALIZED AND ACHING. 2 OBSTRUCTION OF HOLLOW VISCUS WHICH CAUSES INTERMITTENT CRAMPING AND POORLY LOC))))))))) PAIN.
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PANCREAS
LOCALIZED |
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NEUROPATHIC PAIN: 2 TYPES: CENTRALLY GENERATED AND PER_______ GENERATED.
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PERIPHERALLY
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NEUROPATHIC PAIN: CENTRALLY GENERATED: DEAFFERATION PAIN; INJURY TO EITHER THE PERIPHERAL OR CEN_____ NERVOUS SYSTEM.
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CENTRAL
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NEUROPATHIC PAIN: SYMPATHETICALLY MAIN____ PAIN: ASSOCIATED WITH IMPAIRED REGULATION OF THE ANS
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MAINTAINED
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NEUROPATHIC PAIN: PERIPHERALLY GENERATED PAIN INCLUDES 1. PAINFUL POLYNEUROPATHIES AND 2. PAINFUL MONO________
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MONONEUROPATHIES
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IDIOPATHIC PAIN IS CHRONIC PAIN IN THE ABSENCE OF AN IDENTIFIABLE PHYSICAL OR PSYCH_____ CAUSE OR PAIN PERCEIVED AS EXCESSIVE FOR AN ORGANIC PATHO+++++ CONDITION.
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PSYCHOLOGICAL
PATHOLOGICAL |
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COMMON BIASES AND MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT PAIN: PATIENTS WHO ABUSE SUBSTANCES OVERREACT TO DISCOMFORT. T OR F
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F
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COMMON BIASES AND MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT PAIN:
PATIENTS WITH MINOR ILLNESSES HAVE LESS PAIN THAN THOSE WITH SEVERE PHYSICAL ALTERATION. T OR F |
F
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COMMON BIASES AND MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT PAIN: ADMINISTERING ANALGESICS REGULARLY LEADS TO DRUG ADDICTION. T OR F
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F
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COMMON BIASES AND MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT PAIN: THE AMOUNT OF TISSUE DAMAGE IN AN INJURY ACCURATELY INDICATES PAIN INTENSITY T OR F
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F
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COMMON BIASES AND MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT PAIN: HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL ARE THE BEST AUTHORITIES ON THE NATURE OF A PT'S PAIN. T OR F
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F
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COMMON BIASES AND MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT PAIN: PSYCHOGENIC PAIN IS NOT REAL. T OR F
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F
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COMMON BIASES AND MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT PAIN: CHRONIC PAIN IS PSYCHOLOGICAL T OR F
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F
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COMMON BIASES AND MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT PAIN: PATIENTS WHO ARE HOSPITALIZED WILL EXPERIENCE PAIN T OR F
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F
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COMMON BIASES AND MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT PAIN: PATIENTS WHO CANNOT SPEAK DO NOT EXPERIENCE PAIN T OR F
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F
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RESEARCH SHOWS RN ATTITUDE TOWARD PT'S PAIN AFFECTS PAIN ASSESS____ AND TITRATION OF OPIOD DOSES.
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ASSESSMENT
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MORE EXPERIENCE, HIGHER MOTIVATION, AND PERCEIVED HIGHER PAIN CARE SKILLS USE MORE PT ADVO_____ IN PAIN MANAGEMENT
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ADVOCACY
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FACTORS INFLUENCING PAIN: PHYSIOLOGICAL, SOCIAL, SPIR____, PSYCHOLOGICAL, AND CULTU____
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SPIRITUAL
CULTURAL |
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FACTORS INFLUENCING PAIN IN OLDER ADULTS WITH AGING MUSCLE MASS DE______, BODY FAT INCREASES, AND PERCENTAGE OF BODY WA____ DECREASES, INCREASES THE CONCENTRATION OF WATER SOLUBLE DRUGS SUCH AS MORPHINE, AND THE VOLUME OF FAT SOLUBLE DRUGS SUCH AS FENTANYL
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DECREASES
WATER |
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FACTORS INFLUENCING PAIN IN OLDER ADULTS : EAT POORLY LEADING TO POOR SERUM AL_____ LEVELS. MORE FREE DRUG AVAILABLE, INCREASING THE RISK OF SIDE EFFECTS OR TOX___ EFFECTS.
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ALBUMIN
TOXIC |
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FACTORS INFLUENCING PAIN IN OLDER ADULTS : A DECLINE OF LIVER AND RENAL FUNCTION OCCURS WITH AGING. THIS RESULTS IN REDUCED METAB____ AND EXCRE____ OF DRUGS.
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METABOLISM
EXCRETION |
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FACTORS INFLUENCING PAIN IN OLDER ADULTS : THIS RESULTS IN REDUCED METABOLISM AND EXCRETION OF DRUGS. OLDER ADULTS EXPERIENCE A GREATER PEA___ EFFECT AND A LONGER DUR____
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PEAK
DURATION |
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PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS INFLUENCING PAIN: AGE, OLDER ADULTS HAVE DIFFICULTY INTERPRET PAIN; FATIGUE HEIGHTENS PAIN AND DECREASES COP____, GENES, NEUROLOGICAL FUNCTION (FACTORS THAT INTERRUPT PAIN RECEPTION OR PER______
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COPING
PERCEPTION |
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SOCIAL FACTORS INFLUENCING PAIN: ATTENTION (INCREASED ATT_____ INCREASES PAIN), PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE HELPS INTERPRET PAIN, FAM OR SOC SUPPORT MAKES PAIN LESS STRESSFUL, SPIRITUAL FACTORS HELP.
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ATTENTION
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PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS INFLUENCING PAIN: ANXIETY INCREASES PAIN, COPING- INTERNAL VS EXTERNAL LOCI OF CONTROL, AND CULTURE IMPACTS EXP_____ OF PAIN
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EXPRESSION
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MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT PAIN IN OLDER ADULTS. OLDER ADULTS MORE LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE PAIN, BUT PAIN IS N___ AN INEVITABLE RESULT OF AGING
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NOT
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ALTHOUGH THERE IS EVIDENCE THAT EMOTIONAL SUFFERING RELATED TO PAIN IS POSSIBLE LESS IN OLDER THAN YOUNGER PTS, NO DECREASE IN PERCEPTION OF PA___OCCURS WITH AGE OR THAT AGE DULLS SENSITIVITY TO PAIN.
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PAIN
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OLDER PTS COMMONLY UNDERREPORT PA+++
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PAIN
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OLDER PTS OFTEN BELIEVE THAT IT IS UNACCEPTABLE TO SHOW PAIN. DISTRACTION AND SL____ TO COPE.
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SLEEP
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ALZHEIMER AND OTHER COG IMPAIR PTS DO NOT FEEL PA___ AND THEIR REPORTS OF PAIN MORE LIKELY IMPAIRED
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UNDERREPORT PAIN.
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POSSIBLE SOURCES OF ERROR IN PAIN ASSESSMENT BIAS WHICH CAUSES OVER OR UNDER+_____. VAGUE OR UNCLEAR ASSESS QUEST. USE OF PAIN ASSESSMENT TOOLS THAT ARE NOT EVIDENCE-BASED. LACK OF RELEVANT, COMPL_____, AND ACCURATE INFO. PTS WHO ARE COGNITIVELY IMPAIRED AND UNABLE TO USE PAIN SCALES
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UNDERESTIMATE
COMPLETE |