Chp. 3: Putting Down Roots

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sumptuary law*

Back 1

statutes that limited the wearing of fine apparel to the wealthy and prominent; used by New Englanders when they started to establish social classes

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Navigation Acts*

Back 2

a series of rules imposed on the American colonies by England that basically limited their options for trading. They restricted the colonies to only trading with Engalnd and made the colonists pay import duties to England

Front 3

Staple Act*

Back 3

also know as the Navigation act of 1663, this act stated that nothing could be imported into America unless it had first been transshipped through England. This greatly increased the price colonial comsumers had to pay

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Half-Way Covenant*

Back 4

a compromise made by Puritan ministers that allowed the grandchildren of persons in full communion to be baptized even though their parents couldn't demonstrate conversion.

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Great Migration*

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in the 1630s and early 1640s when approximately 20,000 came to the New World from England.

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Plantation Duty*

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a duty imposed on colonists by England that made them pay a sum of money equal to normal English custom duties on certain good in various English ports. This duty prevented colonists from not paying customs

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Nathaniel Bacon*

Back 7

The man responsible for starting Bacon's Rebellion, which was an attempt to overthrow governor William Berkeley. He was originally from England and moved to Virginia to make money.

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Bacon's Rebellion*

Back 8

Led by Nathaniel Bacon. A revolt against Virginia's politicians especially William Berkley. Ended up burning Jamestown and causing chaos throughout the Chesapeake Bay.

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Edmund Andros*

Back 9

Selected by King James II as the governer of the royal colony New England. Ruled as a tyrant over colonists and was eventually overthrown.

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Restoration*

Back 10

Follows the 10 years of no king. From 1660-1685 when the monarchs returned to the English throne. There was a lack of political stability.

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William and Mary*

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Took the throne as joint monarchs after the overthrow of James II. Were protestants. Accepted a Bill of Rights stipulating the constitutional rights of all Englishmen

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Puritan Commonwealth

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The Puritans married and stayed in their communities. They were self-sufficient farmers. They attended Congregational Churches which were also centered on family values. Lastly families provided education for all children.

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King James War*

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James II (r. 1685-1688). Was forced into permanent exile after lifting restrictions on Catholics. The Protestants overthrew him in what is called the Glorious Revolution.

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Stono Uprising*

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1739 The blacks rose up against the whites and tried to start a rebellion in South Carolina. They did not win. This did worry the whites.

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Royal African Company*

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1672 The Royal African company was chartered to get slaves for the colonies

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Charles II*

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Part of the restoration in 1660. While he was in reign they did not write a good policy about commerce mercantilism government policies. Sent soldiers over to stop the fighting with Berkley and Bacon.

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Sir William Berkely*

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When the indians came and attacked the colonists bacon asked berkley if he could get an army to fight the indians berkley told him no. Berkely saw Bacon as a traitor they disagreed, because bacon was mad at berkely jasmestown got burned down

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Mercantilism*

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When a country is very dependent on their exports and that one party may benefit while another doesn't. They don't want to trade internationally.

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Economic Gap In Chesapeake Colonies-

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They were very dependent on the growth of tobacco and slave trade, they did not have large families and the people did not have the motivation or education of the New Englanders.

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Glorious Revolution*

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Deemed Glorious by the Puritans. It was essenitally a Puritan takeover in the colonies and England. There was a Glorious Revolution in Massachusetts Bay, New York and Maryland. In Massachusetts there was a political disagreement between the Anglicans and the puritans. In New York a group started Leislers Rebellion in the name of William and Mary. They did not like the Anglo Dutch. In Maryland they found out about James's overthrow and everyone got angry. They petitioned the crown to turn Maryland to a royal colony.

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Slave Trade*

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Slave trade started out small when the American colonists discovered how well they worked for the Spanish. After a while colonies became dependent

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Jacob Leisler*

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He resented the success of the Anglo-Dutch. When news of the Glorious Revolution reached New York, he raised a group of militiamen and seized the local fort in the name of William and Mary. He was in charge of Leisler’s rebellion, and he eventually seized control of New York’s government. Although he was executed a traitor, his followers defended his memory against detractors well into the 18th century.

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Cotton Mather*

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He was a leading Congregational minister. During the Salem Witch trials, he said it was better to let 10 witches go free then have one innocent person die. The colonial government accepted the minister’s advice, and the trials were over. Although, he wrote a book on witchcraft that related to the hysteria that resulted into the Salem Trials.

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John Winthrop*

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He would have never said he was proud to be a part of the English nation. During his lifetime, Massachusetts settlers developed an inflated sense of their independence from the mother country. He was a very influential person in the colonial times and served as the governor of the Plymouth colony for many years. He is known for his idea of an iconic city on a hill, which would be a model of a Puritan society.

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Enumerated goods*

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Certain essential raw materials produced in the North American colonies, such as sugar, tobacco, and rice specified in the Navigation Acts, which stipulated that these goods could be shipped only to England or its colonies.

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Nat Turner*

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A slave who led a slave rebellion in 1831 in Virginia that resulted in over 55 black deaths and 56 white deaths.

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Jamestown Massacre*

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Indians attacked Jamestown and killed many of it's settlers