Chp. 28 Terms

Front 1

Urinary System

Back 1

system responsible for excreting most liquid wastes from the body

Front 2

kidney

Back 2

one of the 2 organs that cleanses the blood of waste products continually produced by metabolism; the kidneys produce urine.

Front 3

hilum

Back 3

slit on medial surface of each lung where primary bronchi & pulmonary vessels enter

Front 4

renal cortex

Back 4

outer portion of the kidney

Front 5

renal medulla

Back 5

inner portion of the kidney

Front 6

renal pyramids

Back 6

distinct triangular wedges that make up most of the medullary tissue in the kidney

Front 7

renal columns

Back 7

within the kidneys, the cortical tissue in the medulla between the pyramids

Front 8

calyx

Back 8

cup-shaped division of the renal pelvis

Front 9

renal pelvis

Back 9

basinlike upper end of the ureter that's located inside the kidney into which the collecting tubules drain

Front 10

renal artery

Back 10

large branch of the abdominal aorta that brings blood into each kidney.

Front 11

peritubular capillary

Back 11

capillaries around the tubules in the kidney

Front 12

ureter

Back 12

long tube that carries urine from kidney to bladder

Front 13

urinary bladder

Back 13

collapsible saclike organ that collects urine from the kidneys & stores it before elumination

Front 14

urethra

Back 14

passageway from bladder to exterior; functions in elimination of urine

Front 15

nephron

Back 15

anatomical & functional unit of the kidney, consisting of the renal corpuscle & the renal tubule.

Front 16

Bowman's capsule

Back 16

in the kidney, the cup-shaped top of a nephron that surrounds the glomerulus

Front 17

glomerulus

Back 17

compact cluster, particularly when referring to the tuft of capillaries forming part of the nephron

Front 18

renal corpuscle

Back 18

within the nephron, the glomerulus plus the Bowman's capsule surrounding it

Front 19

glomerular-capsular membrane

Back 19

membrane made up of glomerular endothelium, basement membrane & visceral layer of Bowman's capsule

Front 20

proximal convoluted tubule

Back 20

2nd part of the nephrom & the 1st segment of a renal tubule

Front 21

loop of henle

Back 21

extension of the proximal tubule of the nephron.

Front 22

distal tubule

Back 22

in the kidney, the part of the tubule distal to the ascending limb in the loop of henle that terminates in a collecting tubule

Front 23

juxtaglomerular apparatus

Back 23

in the nephron, the complex of cells from the distal tubule & the afferent arteriole, which helps regulate blood pressure by secreting renin in response to blood pressure changes in the kidney, located near the glomerulus.

Front 24

collecting duct

Back 24

in the kidney, straight tubule joined by the distal tubules of several nephrons

Front 25

filtration

Back 25

movement of water & solutes through a membrane because of a higher hydrostatic pressure on one side

Front 26

reabsorption

Back 26

process occuring in the nephrons during urine formation whereby essential materials that were filtered out of the blood in the glomerulus are reabsorbed into the interstitial space.

Front 27

secretion

Back 27

process by which a substance is release outside the cell

Front 28

anitdiuretic hormone

Back 28

hormone produced in the posterior pituitary gland to regulate the balance of water in the body by accelerating reabsorption of water in the kidney tubules.

Front 29

aldosterone

Back 29

hormone that stimulates the kidney to retain sodium, ions, & water; only physiologically important mineralocorticoid

Front 30

urine

Back 30

fluid waste excreted by kidneys

Front 31

Bowman's capsule

Back 31

in the kidney, the cup-shaped top of a nephron that surrounds the glomerulus

Front 32

glomerulus

Back 32

compact cluster, particularly when referring to the tuft of capillaries forming part of the nephron

Front 33

renal corpuscle

Back 33

within the nephron, the glomerulus plus the Bowman's capsule surrounding it

Front 34

glomerular-capsular membrane

Back 34

membrane made up of glomerular endothelium, basement membrane & visceral layer of Bowman's capsule

Front 35

proximal convoluted tubule

Back 35

2nd part of the nephrom & the 1st segment of a renal tubule

Front 36

loop of henle

Back 36

extension of the proximal tubule of the nephron.

Front 37

distal tubule

Back 37

in the kidney, the part of the tubule distal to the ascending limb in the loop of henle that terminates in a collecting tubule

Front 38

juxtaglomerular apparatus

Back 38

in the nephron, the complex of cells from the distal tubule & the afferent arteriole, which helps regulate blood pressure by secreting renin in response to blood pressure changes in the kidney, located near the glomerulus.

Front 39

collecting duct

Back 39

in the kidney, straight tubule joined by the distal tubules of several nephrons

Front 40

filtration

Back 40

movement of water & solutes through a membrane because of a higher hydrostatic pressure on one side

Front 41

reabsorption

Back 41

process occuring in the nephrons during urine formation whereby essential materials that were filtered out of the blood in the glomerulus are reabsorbed into the interstitial space.

Front 42

secretion

Back 42

process by which a substance is release outside the cell

Front 43

anitdiuretic hormone

Back 43

hormone produced in the posterior pituitary gland to regulate the balance of water in the body by accelerating reabsorption of water in the kidney tubules.

Front 44

aldosterone

Back 44

hormone that stimulates the kidney to retain sodium, ions, & water; only physiologically important mineralocorticoid

Front 45

urine

Back 45

fluid waste excreted by kidneys