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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which membranes are AChesterases present on? Why?
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both the post and presynaptic membrane because they are present by any ACh receptor and there is M2 on the presynaptic membrane
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What do the direct cholinergic drugs do?
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anything that acts directly on receptors, pre or post synaptic
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Are indirect drugs necessarily directed on cholinergic receptors?
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no, they just kind of increase ACh or it's effects. they can act at totally different receptors/
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What are the two main classes of direct muscarinic agonists?
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1. Choline esters
2. Alkaloids from plants |
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What does a choline ester look like compared to ACh?
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almost the same except instead of acetate they have another group attached to choline
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What are some examples of choline esters?
What root word do they all have in common? |
CHOL
1. ACh 2. Methacholine 3. Carbachol 4. Bethanechol |
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For these drugs, say whether they act on Nicotinic, Muscarinic, or both.
1. ACh 2. Methacholine 3. Carbachol 4. Bethanechol |
1. ACh (both)
2. Methacholine (M) 3. Carbachol (M and some N) 4. Bethanechol (M) |
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What are some examples of muscarinic alkaloids?
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1. Muscarine
2. Pilocarbine |
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Do we usually use ACh pharmacologically? Why? (3 reasons)
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No because
1.. Short half life- it is broken down very quickly by cholinesterases (in seconds) 2. Not selective- if you put in a high dose, you could put you in hypotension and you have a bunch of other side effects with nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. 3. Can't cross BBB because too polar and large |
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Why do these other cholinesterases last longer in the system to be useful?
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Acetylcholinesterases don't break them down as effectively or at all (fit is not as good)
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