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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Confucianism the 5 relationships |
ruler and subject father and son older sibling and younger sibling husband and wife friend and friend (they are equal) |
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Heian Court |
The emperor and his followers set up a new regime at Heian Heian was later renamed kyoto They stopped the reform from continuing |
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Life in Heian |
Although the emperors lost a lot of power we saw Japanese culture flourish People became obsessed with beauty and it was expected that everyone was extremely nice to each other Buildings were made with unpainted wood and very little decorations because they thought beauty came from simplicity |
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Poetry becomes popular |
They simplified the Chinese alphabet Poetry became a major form of art, poems were short yet elegant |
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MANCHU RULE/QING DYNASTY: 1644 TO 1911. |
THE CENTER OF CIVILIZATION CORRUPTION IN GOVERNMENT LEADS TO REBELLIONS WESTERN COUNTRIES ATTEMPT EXPANSION |
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OPIUM WARS: |
BRITISH SELL OPIUM IN CHINAOPIUM ADDICTION IS WIDESPREADSILVER DRAINED FROM ECONOMYIN 1839 THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT DESTROYS BRITISH OPIUM BRITAIN EASILY DEFEATS CHINESE DUE TO SUPERIOR NAVY AND WEAPONS |
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TAIPING REBELLION: 1850 |
WIDESPREAD REBELLION AGAINST MANCHU RULE PEASANTS WANT MORE LAND, LESS TAXES, AND EQUALITY FOR MEN AND WOMEN. REBELLION LASTS 14 YEARS, AND ALMOST OVERTHROWS GOVERNMENT. EUROPEANS HELP MANCHU STAY IN POWER, AND THEN DEMAND TRADE BENEFITS. RUSSIA AND JAPAN TAKE ADVANTAGE OF CHINESE WEAKNESS AND GAIN LAND. RUSSIA GAINS A PORT, JAPAN GAINS KOREA AND TAIWAN. RUSSIA, GERMANY, FRANCE AND BRITAIN GAIN SPHERES OF INFLUENCE WHERE THEY HAD TRADING PRIVILEGES AND FREEDOM TO INVEST AND DO BUSINESS. |
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CHINESE TRY TO REFORM: |
SELF-STRENGTHENING: MODERNIZING WHILE KEEPING CONFUCIAN TRADITION. HUNDRED DAYS OF REFORM: EMPEROR KUANG-HSU SEEKS KNOWLEDGE FROM WEST IN EDUCATION. HE IS OVERTHROWN. -BOXER REBELLION: 1900 “FISTS OF RIGHTEOUS HARMONY” ATTACK FOREIGNERS, MISSIONARIES AND CHINESE CHRISTIANS. FOREIGN ARMIES PUT DOWN REBELLION, CHINA MUST GRANT THEM RIGHT TO BE STATIONED IN CHINA. |
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-REVOLUTION OF 1911: |
MANCHU OVERTHROWN, REPUBLIC SET UPSUN YAT-SEN RETURNS TO CHINA “THREE PRINCIPLES OF THE PEOPLE,” UNITY, DEMOCRACY AND THE ABILITY TO MAKE A LIVING FOR ALL CHINESE.Activity: |
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Zen Buddhism |
Teaching and meditation techniques brought back by monks who studied in Song China fleeting beauty in nature: life is impermanent, but you can catch quick glimpses of eternal beauty in nature |
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Emperors power decline |
Fujiwara = powerful aristocratic family that gained power over the emperor in the 800s |
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Bushi and Their Samuraii |
Bushi was the name given to these local (also called provincial) lords who set up kingdoms in the countryside These bushi hired samurai warriors to fight on their behalf |
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Japanese power struggle |
Emperor (Imperial Government) and Aristocrats from Heian losing power – this meant centralized government in Japan was breaking down Bushi (lords from the countryside) were gaining power and Japan was becoming a feudal society as these bushi had manor-like estates that were similar to western Europe |
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Samurai Warrior code |
Battles were planned ahead of time, and warriors followed a strict code of honor and etiquette Seppuku = defeated warriors required kill themselves to avoid bringing shame to their families |
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Minamoto in Control |
Fight between 2 powerful aristocratic families for control of Japan (the Taira and the Minamoto) After defeating the Taira, the Minamoto established a new capital city at Kamikura The Minamoto set up a military government, known as the bakufu (they kept the emperor as a figurehead, but real power lay with the Minamoto family and their samurais) |
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Economy and Culture |
Farming improved as irrigation systems were built and new tools and seeds (such as soybean) were introduced Daimyos even competed to attract merchants to their growing castle towns, and a new merchant class arose (they were important b/c got goods for the military) |
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Arts |
Zen Buddhism (combined with Shintoism) played big role in the arts flourishing, especially in architecture Beautiful gardens built and tea ceremonies became the rage in Japan Buddhists in Japan were the key and led trade with China |
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Shinto Practices |
Love of Nature:Annual cycle of seasonal festivalsPhysical Cleanliness:Misoji - Water purification rites to wash away impurity, thus restoring original purity |
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The 4 affirmations |
Tradition and FamilyLove of NaturePhysical cleanlinessMatsuri: festivals that worship and honor the Kami |
