Child Soldiers

Front 1

A

Dudenhoefer, Anne Lynn. "Understanding the Recruitment of Child Soldiers in Africa - ACCORD." Accord. Accord, 16 Aug. 2016. Web.

Back 1

A 1

Abduction is the most common method by which child soldier recruitment takes place. In short, there are two primary ways children can become child soldiers:

1.they are abducted, or conscripted through coercion or severe threats; or

2.they are born into forces or groups.

Front 2

A 2

They can be psychologically manipulated through a deliberate program of starvation, thirst, fatigue, voodoo, indoctrination, beatings, the use of drugs and alcohol, and even sexual abuse to render them compliant to the new norms of child soldiering.

Back 2

A 3

In Rwanda, killings took place by either using a panga, which is a machete, or a masu, a club studded with nails.

Front 3

A 4

Children are often promised some payoff when joining armed forces and groups. These can be divided into tangible and non-tangible rewards, with tangible rewards mostly consisting of “wages, one-shot monetary rewards (often associated with loot), and other tangible rewards such as drugs and alcohol”.30 Non-tangible rewards could include the achievement of rank, bonding with comrades and commanders, and forming a group identity.

Front 4

B

Burridge, Tom. "Child Soldiers Still Being Recruited in South Sudan." BBC News. BBC, 27 Oct. 2014. Web.

Back 4

B 1

The children are often taken by the hundreds right from school and forced into the army.

Front 5

B 2

The Kids are vulnerable to join the army because of the lack of things to do there so they join the army as an adventure.

Back 5

B 3

A lot of the time the children see the army as a sense of employment. They are also pushed by their parents sometimes to join the fight.

Front 6

B 4

If the boys leave the camp and travel the short distance into the nearby town they risk being spotted by soldiers and punished as deserters, in an increasingly brutal war.

Front 7

C

"Children in Conflict: Child Soldiers." Child Soldiers - Children in Conflict. SOS Childrens Villages, n.d. Web. 06 Dec. 2016.

Back 7

C 1

Over the last ten years, two million children have been killed in conflict. Over one million have been orphaned, over six million have been seriously injured or permanently disabled and over ten million have been left with serious psychological trauma.

Front 8

C 2

Since 1998 there have been armed conflicts involving child soldiers in at least 36 countries.

Back 8

C 3

It is estimated that over the last 15 years 10,000 children have been abducted by the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) around Gulu in northern Uganda, alone.

Front 9

C 4

Children are deliberately targeted as they are manipulated more easily than adults and can be indoctrinated to perform crimes and atrocities without asking questions.

Front 10

D

Chigozie, Emega. "10 Shocking Facts about Child Soldiers in Africa." Answers Africa. Answers Africa, 27 May 2016. Web. 06 Dec. 2016.

Back 10

D 1

There are also young girls who are taken in to the army camps to be raped and to be like the generals wife

Front 11

D 2

The kids are more sought after because they don't require as much food and because they don't have to be paid.

Back 11

D 3

Children are used as human shields or propaganda in political ads.

Front 12

D 4

In Sierra Leone African child soldiers terrorized civilians by cutting off the civilians arms and leg.

Front 13

E

Beah, Ishmael. A Long Way Gone: Memoirs of a Boy Soldier. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2008. Print.

Back 13

E 1

Small children such as Ishmael are given large guns such as RPG's and AK47's and are put on the front line to die before they get to the larger more advanced adults.