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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sensitive Periods
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Times in development when the organism is especially open to environmental influences
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Compensation
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a kind of plasticity inw hich cells substitute for others, permitting recovery of function after loss of damage
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Stem cells
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the newest, youngest, and least developed cells that can be grafted to repair damaged parts of the CNS or replace cells that have died
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Cortex
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outer layer of brain tissue has several association areas, including the visual cortex (sight), auditroy cortex (sound), sensorimotor cortex (movement).
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Modifiability
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althoguh cells are predestined for specicific functions, they can be changed
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Compensation
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cells can substitue for others, permitting recovery of function after loss or damage
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Dendrites
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processes extending from the cell body that pick up signals from other cells
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Cell body
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contains the cell nucleus
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Axon
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the part of the cell that carries signals to other cells
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Neurotransmitters
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the electrochemicals that cross the synapse between cells
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Action Potential
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an electrical charge that travels along the axon
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Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
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division of the nervous system that regulates many body activities wthout our voluntary control, such as breathing, blood flow, and digestion
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cycle
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moving in an identifiable and predicatable rhythm
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Reflexes
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involuntary simple responses to certain stimuli
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Most reflexes develop when?
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Before birth
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When are reflexes present for in the lifespan before they disappear?
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4-8 months
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Reflexes present at birth in the healthy infant
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1) Rooting
2) Sucking 3) Swallowing 4) Stepping 5) Grasping 6) Babinski and 7) Moro reflexes |
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6 primary states of arousal
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1) Quiet awake
2) Active awake 3) crying 4) drowsiness 5) active sleep 6) deep sleep |
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Babies sleep for how long each day?
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16 hours
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Active sleep state (REM)
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increased muscle tone and motor activity, facial grimaces and smiles, occasional eye movement under closed lids, and irregular breathing
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How many hours do newborns have in REM sleep?
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8 hours- Active before quiet sleep.
After 2-3 months, quiet before acitve (like in adults) |
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Deep Sleep (NREM- non rapid eye movement)
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low motor activity, closed eyelids, still eyes, and regular breathing- 8 hours spent in deep sleep
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SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome)
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-leading cause of infant mortality between 1 week and 12 months
-peaks in 2-4 months |
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Sleep patterns by age 2
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sleep needs decline to 12 hours a day
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