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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List some slow-growing tumors
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Colon CA, non-small cell lung CA, some lymphomas
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What is the clinical significance of fast vs. slow-growing
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Fast growing are more likely to be susceptible to chemo, d/t more time in M/S phases
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What non-cancer uses are chemo agents used for?
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Immunosupression of rheumatoid arthritis, organ transplantation, psoriasis, sickle-cell anemia
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Describe the mechanism of action for Folic Acid Analogs
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Inhibit dihydrofolate reductase -> increased oxidized folate -> disruption of purine synthesis, interferes w/ DNA replication and cell division
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What are brand names for Methotrexate?
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Amethopterin, MTX
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What is the generic for Amethopterin?
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methotrexate
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What is methotrexate used for?
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ALL, large-cell lymphoma, high grade lymphoma, head and neck, breast, bladder & osteogenic cancers [also inflamatory disease, dermatologic disorders]
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What are the adverse effects of methotrexate?
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1) bone marrow, GIT, oropharynx 2) Renal, hepatic, reversible pulmonary
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Describe the mechanism of action of purine antagonists
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Analogs of purines [A+G], incorperation stops growth of DNA/RNA strand
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List common purine antagonists
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1) 6-MP [mercaptopurine], 6-TG [thioguanine], Pentostatin, Cladribine 2) Acyclovir
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What are purine antagonists used for?
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1) Leukemia, lymphoma, neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, Karposi's sarcoma, lung Ca, ovarian and breast Ca [6-MP also used for Inflamatory bowel and organ transplant]
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What are the adverse effects of purine antagonists
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1) autonomic + peripheral neuropathy 2) Hyperuricemia [may need allopurinol]
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What is the mechanism of adenosine deaminase-resistant analogs?
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Incorperated into DNA -> DNA strand breaks, apoptosis
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What are adenosine deaminase-resistant analogs
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pentostatin [Leustatin] and cladribine [Nipent]
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What are adenosine deaminase-resistant analogs used for?
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Harry cell leukemia, lymphoma
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