Chemo Drugs

Front 1

Paclitaxel mech

Back 1

Promotes tubulin polymerization and disassembly.

Arrests cells in mitosis.

Front 2

Paclitaxel AE

Back 2

Neuropathy
Hypersensitivity
Cardiac arrhythmias
Inactivated by P450, so interacts with P450 modifiers.

Front 3

Vincristine mech

Back 3

Binds a different region of the microtubule.
Inhibits microtubule polymerization

Front 4

Vincristine AE

Back 4

Neuropathy

Front 5

Doxorubicin mech

Back 5

Binds topoisomerase, intercalates in DNA, binds cell membranes, generates free radicals

Front 6

Doxorubicin side effects

Back 6

Cardiotoxicity- treat with a dezroxane that chelates iron.
Turns urine red.
(Remember doxoRUBYcin- red heart, red urine)

Front 7

Dactinomycin mech

Back 7

Binds dsDNA by intercalating between GC pairs.
Completely inhibits RNA synthesis.

Front 8

Dactinomycin SE

Back 8

Typical

Front 9

Cyclophosphamide mech

Back 9

Transfers alkyl groups
Cross links DNA
Toxic to dividing cells

Front 10

Cyclophosphamide SE

Back 10

MAJOR immune suppression- bone marrow toxicity.

Must hydrate vigorously to avoid kidney damage.

Front 11

Methotrexate mechanism

Back 11

Folic acid analogue
Inhibits DHFR.

Front 12

Methotrexate AE

Back 12

Typical, but also interacts with drugs that bind plasma proteins. These drugs may displace it and cause increased toxicity.

Front 13

5-FU mechanism

Back 13

Inhibits pyrimidine biosynthesis, RNA function/ processing, and thymidylate synthase (like flucytosine fungal drug)

Front 14

5-FU AE

Back 14

Typical, but also degraded by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase. People with compromised enzyme function show increased drug toxicity.

Front 15

Tamoxifen mechanism

Back 15

Inhibitor and partial agonist of estrogen receptor.

Front 16

Tamoxifen AE

Back 16

Hot flashes
N/V
Hair loss
Atrophy of vaginal lining
Estrogenic effects in the uterus

Front 17

Anastrozole mech

Back 17

Nonsteroidal inhibitor of aromatose
Bines to the heme group of Cyp19/ aromatase.

Front 18

Anastrozole AE

Back 18

Few, and doesn't increase risk of endometrial cancer.

Front 19

G-CSF mech

Back 19

Enhance neutrophil recovery after chemo.

Front 20

Ondanestron mech

Back 20

Relieves nausea by binding serotonin 5-HT3

Front 21

Prednisone

Back 21

Adrenocorticosteroid with potent lympholytic activity that makes chemo patients feel better and have less nausea. Effects possibly due to local inflammation at the tumor site.

Front 22

Herceptin/ trastuzumab

Back 22

Interupts Her-2/neu (transmembrane tyrosine kinase that promotes tumor growth) and EGFR signalling with antibody fragments.

Front 23

Cisplatin mechanism

Back 23

Cross-links and alkylates DNA

Front 24

Cisplatin SE

Back 24

Renal toxicity that can be improved with hydration (like cyclophosphomide with similiar mech!)
N/V
Mild/ moderate myelosuppression
Electrolyte disturbances

Front 25

What drug is etoposide like? What disease does it treat?

Back 25

Doxorubin
Lung cancer

Front 26

Primary drug for colorectal cancer?

Back 26

5-FU

Front 27

Asparaginase mech

Back 27

Deprives leukemia cells of asparagine, which they can't synthesize and must get from the bloodstream.

Front 28

Imatinib mech

Back 28

Inhibits tyrosine kinase of the Bcr-Abl protein in CML.

Front 29

Leuprolide mech

Back 29

GnRH agonist. Trigger LH surge, FSH release, and increase testosterone until cells burn out.

Front 30

Flutamide mech

Back 30

Non-steroidal inh that binds androgen receptor. Prevents AR from going nucleus and binding DNA.

Front 31

Flutamide AE

Back 31

Diarrhea, nausea, reversible liver damage.

Front 32

Carmustine mech

Back 32

Alkylation of DNA on O6-guanine. For use in brain cancer.