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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
exact number
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A number that has no uncertainty. Compare measured numbered
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weight
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A measure of how strongly the Earth's gravitational force (of the gravitational froce exerted by any other body) pulls on an object. As the gravitational force changes, the object's mass stays constant but its weight changes. Compare to mass.
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volume
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The amount of space occupied by an object SI unit m^3
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energy
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A mesure of the capacity to do work. Example, Nutritionists measure the energy of food in terms of Calories (Cal, with a capital C)
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extensive property
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Any property of a substance that depends on the amount present. Compare intensive property.
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trailing zeroes
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Any zero to the right of the final nonzero in a number.
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derived unit
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Any SI unit of measurement obtained from a combination of two or more SI base units.
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Systeme Internationale d'Unites (SI)
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The system of units used in science, including seven base units, with the five most important to chemistry being the meter for length, the kilogram for mass, the second for time, the kelvin for temperature, and mole for amount of substance.
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density
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A measure of the compactness of matter. For any substance, it is the amount of mass per unit volume: D = Mass/Volume.
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measured number
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A number obtained by using a measuring device. Measured numbers always have some uncertainty because no measuring device is perfect. Compare exact number.
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precision
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The degree to which a set of measured values of the same quantity agree with each other. Compare accuracy
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leading zeroes
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Any zero to the left of the first nonzero digit in a number.
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unit analysis
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A problem-solving stategy in which data given in the problem statement are multiplied by appropriate conversion factors in order to obtain the correct units for the answer.
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intensive property
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Any property of a substance that does not depend on the amount present. Examples: density; boiling point. Compare extensive property.
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accuracy
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The degree to which a measure value is close to the true value. Compare precision.
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uncertainty
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The amount by which a measured number may vary from the true value of the quantity being measured.
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scientific notation
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A convention in which a numeric quantity is written as a number between 1 and 10 multiplied by 10 raised to the appropriate power.
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mass
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A measure of the quantity of matter in an object. Mass is independent of the location of the object, with a given object having the same mass no matter where in the Universe it is located. Compare weight.
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conversion factor
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A ratio used in unit analysis to change given units to the units wanted in the answer.
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algebriac manipulation
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Rearrangement of an equation in order to solve for a desired quantity.
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significant figures
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The digits in a measure number (or a number calculated from measure numbers) that are known with certainty.
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