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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When scientists conduct experiments they measure things; they always report |
a number and a unit
example: 2 teaspoons, 3 grams |
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Most scientists use the _____ system of measurement. |
metric |
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conversion factor |
a number that tells you how many of one unit equals the same amount in another unit
example: 1 foot equals 12 inches - both are equivalent (equal) quantities expressed as different units |
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series of unit conversions |
sometimes you have to convert a number more than once to have the answer in the unit you need |
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mass |
the amount of matter an object possesses; the mass of an object does not change unless a physical or chemical change occurs to it
the metric unit for mass is grams (g) |
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weight |
the force that gravity exerts on the object; the weight of an object depends on its mass and on the strength of the gravity pulling on it
the English unit for weight is pounds (lbs) |
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volume |
the amount of space that an object occupies
the metric unit for volume is liters (L): one liter is defined as 1000cm^3 thus 1mL equals 1 cm^3, so you can use mL and cm^3 interchangeably |
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denisty |
the amount of mass in a given volume; a very dense object has a lot of mass in a given volume |
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temperature |
a measurement of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance: the faster the particles move, the higher the temperature of the substance
temperature can also be the relative measure of hotness or coldness of an object but it is not the feeling of hotness or coldness an object has |
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heat |
energy that flows between objects that are at different temperatures; temperature measures the direction of the heat flow because heat always flows from a warm object to a cool object
heat and temperature are not the same thing |
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What is used to measure temperature? |
a thermometer - the fluid inside expands or contracts when it is used to measure something hot or cold which, if using a mercury thermometer, causes the mercury to rise or fall in the tube |
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Name the three common temperature scales. |
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scientific notation |
a scientific "shorthand" for writing very large numbers, also called exponential notation and called the Standard Form in Britain
http://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/scientific-notation.html |
