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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acid |
A species that is a proton donor |
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Alkalis |
A type of base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions (OH-) |
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Base |
A species that is a proton acceptor |
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Covalent Bonding |
A bond formed by a shared pair of electrons |
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Disproportionation |
The oxidation and Reduction of the same element in a redox reaction |
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Electronegativity |
A measure of the attraction between a bonded atom for the pair of electrons in a covalent bond |
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Empirical formula |
The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound |
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First ionisation energy |
The energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous 1+ions |
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Hydrogen bonding |
A strong dipole-dipole attraction between an electron deficient hydrogen atom on one molecule and a lone pair of electrons on a highly electro-negative atom on a different molecule |
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Ionic Bonding |
The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions |
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Isotopes |
Atoms of the same element with different masses and number of neutrons |
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Metallic bond |
The electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons |
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Mole |
The amount of any substance containing as many particles as there are carbon atoms in exactly 12 grams of the carbon 12 isotope |
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Molecular formula |
The number of atoms of each element in a molecule |
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Atomic orbitals |
A region within an atom that can hold up to two electrons, with opposite spins |
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Oxidation |
Loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation number |
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Periodicity |
A regular periodic variation of properties of elements with atomic number and position in the periodic table |
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Redox |
A reaction in which both reduction and oxidation takes place |
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Reduction |
Gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation number |
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Relative atomic mass |
The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with one-twelfth the mass of a carbon 12 atom |
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Relative Isotopic mass |
The mass of an atom of an isotope compared with one-twelfth the mass of a carbon 12 atom |
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Relative molecular mass |
The weighted mean mass of a molecule compared with one-twelfth the mass of a carbon12 atom |
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Salt |
A chemical compound formed from an acid, when an H+ ion from the acid has been replaced by a metal ion or another positive ion(e.g ammonium ion) |
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Van der Waals’ Forces |
Very weak attractive forces between induced dipoles in neighbouring molecules |
