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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an element? |
An element is a substance made from only one type of atom.
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What is a mass number? |
The total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.
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What is an atomic number? |
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
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What is the relationship between elements in the same group? |
The elements in each group have the same number of electrons in the outer shell.
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Why are noble gases unreactive? |
Because they all have full outer shells. |
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What are compounds? |
Chemicals made from atoms of different elements joined by chemical bonds.
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What is a molecule? |
Chemicals made from atoms of the same element joined together by chemical bonds. |
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How are ionic compounds formed from metals and non-metals? |
When metals react with non-metals, electrons are transferred from the metal atoms to the non-metal atoms, forming ions.
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How are molecular compounds formed from non-metals. |
The atoms in a molecule are joined together by covalent bonds. These bonds form when atoms share pairs of electrons. |
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What is the chemical name and formula for limestone? |
Calcium carbonate --- CaCO3.
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What is thermal decomposition? |
Metal carbonates such as calcium carbonate break down when heated strongly.
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The thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate is: |
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The thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate is:
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How is limestone used to make cement? |
Cement is made by heating powdered limestone with clay.
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What is limestone quarrying? |
Limestone gets dug out of the ground.
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What is cement used for? |
Concrete is made by mixing cement with sand, water and aggregate.
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Link how metals are found in the earth’s crust to their reactivity.
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:: Metals are found mixed with other things such as gases or other elements.
:: If a metal is found native it is very unreactive.
:: But if a metal is mixed with other elements, it needs to be extracted from its ore. |
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What is Electrolysis? |
The process by which ionic substances are broken down into simpler substances using electricity.
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Three benefits to recycling are: |
Prevents pollution by reducing the need to collect new raw materials.
Saves energy. Reduces greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global climate change. |
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What is an alloy? |
A mixture of two elements, one of which is a metal.
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Three everyday alloys are: |
amalgam -- mercury -- dental fillings
brass -- copper and zinc -- hinges, electrical plugs solder - lead and tin - joining metals |
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What is a smart alloy? |
An alloy with unusual properties. |
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What are the properties of transition metals? |
They are generally hard and dense, and less reactive than the alkali metals.
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What are some examples of transition metals? |
Iron, copper, silver and gold.
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