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29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Who first published the classification of the elements that is the basis of our periodic table today? And how?
Mendeleev (by atomic mass)
By what property did Moseley suggest the periodic table be arranged?
atomic number / nuclear charge
What is the periodic law?
The physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic number (forms a pattern).
What is a period? How many?
Horizontal; 7
What is a group/family? How many?
Vertical; 18
How does an element's period number relate to the number of the energy level of its valence electrons?
The increase in period number = Increase in energy level of valence electrons
What type of orbital are the actinide and lanthanide electrons found?
F
What are COINage elements?
Metals used to make COINS.
In going from top to bottom of any group, each element has __ more occupied energy level(s) than the element above it.
1
What are the Group 1 elements called?
Alkali metals
What are the Group 2 elements called?
Alkali-earth metals
What are the Group 17 elements called?
Halogens / "salt-former"
What are the Group 18 elements called?
Noble gas
Why do all the memebers of a group have similar properties?
Because they all have the same number of valence electrons.
What do we mean by the "atomic radius"?
Atomic radius = Size of neutral atom
Within a group, what happens to the atomic radius as you go DOWN the column?
Increases, because more enery levels are added.
Within a period, what happens to the atomic radius as the atomic number increases?
Decreases, because there is a greater pull between the nucleus and electrons.
What are cations?
What charge?
Nonmetals or metals?
(+) Lose electrons
Metals
What are anions?
What charge?
Nonmetals or metals?
(-) Gain electrons
Nonmetals
Why does each successive ionization require more energy than the previous one?
Because the nucleus's pull is stronger on the remaining electrons
What is the general trend of ionization energy as you go from LEFT to RIGHT across the periodic table?
Increase
What is the general trend of the ionization energy as you go DOWN on the periodic table?
Decreases
When an atom becomes an anion, what happens to its radius?
Increases (b/c it gains electrons = bigger radius)
When an atom becomes a cation, what happens to its radius?
Decrease (b/c a[n] electron is taken away = smaller atom)
Properties of metals...
solid at room temp.
ductile
malleable
good conductors
shiny
Properties of nonmetals...
all three states of matter
poor conductivity
dull
Properties of metalloids...
Semiconductors
characteristics of both metals and nonmetals
touches the stairstep EXCEPT Al
What is the general trend of electronegativety as you go DOWN the periodic table?
Decrease
What is the general trend of electronegativity as you go LEFT to RIGHT across the periodic table?
Increase